Mid-Oceanic Wintertime Surface Fluxes and Atmospheric Boundary Layer Structure: Relationship to Cyclone Development and Evolution

海洋？S表面到大气的Persson热量和动量通量对各种气象现象的发展是重要的。尽管这个问题很重要，但在大风条件下(15m/S)地表通量的实际数据收集得很少。这项研究项目将利用在锋面和大西洋风暴路径实验(FASTEX)期间收集的数据，记录大洋中部表面通量和边界层结构之间的关系，以及大洋中部温带气旋的结构和演变。FASTEX是一个国际研究领域计划，其目标是了解海洋中部温带气旋的发展。它的实地阶段于1997年1-2月进行。这项研究将集中于在高风速海洋环境中收集的船基表面通量测量，相关的海况测量，以及大洋中部边界层结构的准连续测量。目前尚不清楚目前的通量和边界层参数在多大程度上代表了这些环境条件。尽管在这些条件下可能存在显著的通量，但以前很少有这样的测量结果。在FASTEX期间，RV KNORR在这些条件下收集了130多个小时的数据，这意味着在这个风速范围内可获得的数据量增加了数倍。这些测量值将用于验证/修改预报模式中使用的当前海洋通量和行星边界层参数化方案。由于FASTEX通量和边界层测量是在一个更大的现场计划内获得的，并与具有广泛的顺风中尺度验证数据的大型现场计划协调获得，因此这些测量也将能够清楚地展示它们对海洋温带气旋发展和预报的影响。***

9727054Persson Fluxes of heat and momentum from the oceanÆs surface to the atmosphere are known to be important to the development of a variety of meteorological phenomenon. Despite the importance of this problem, little actual data has been collected of surface fluxes under high wind conditions (15 m/s). This research project will utilize data collected during the Fronts and Atlantic Storm Tracks Experiment (FASTEX) to document the relationship between mid-ocean surface fluxes and boundary layer structure and the structure and evolution of the mid-oceanic extratropical cyclones. FASTEX is an international research field program whose objective is to understand the mid-oceanic development of extratropical cyclones. Its field phase was conducted in January-February, 1997. This research will focus on ship-based surface-flux measurements collected in a high wind-speed marine environment, the associated sea state measurements, and the quasi-continuous measurements of the mid-oceanic boundary-layer structure. It is unknown to what extent present flux and boundary layer parameterizations represent these environmental conditions. Despite the significant fluxes likely to be present under these conditions, very few such measurements have been obtained previously. More than 130 hours of data were collected during FASTEX by the RV Knorr under these conditions, representing a multi-fold increase in the amount of data available in this wind speed range. The measurements will be used for the validation/modification of current marine flux and planetary boundary layer parameterization schemes used in forecast models. Because the FASTEX flux and boundary layer measurements were obtained within and in coordination with a larger field program with extensive downwind mesoscale validation data, these measurements will also be able to provide a clear demonstration of their impact on marine extratropical cyclone development and forecasting. ***