Bestimmung von Strukturelementen der tRNA, die beteiligt sind an der Aminosäure-Erkennung durch Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetasen

确定参与氨酰基-tRNA 合成酶氨基酸识别的 tRNA 结构元件

• 批准号: 121221689
• 负责人: Dr. Gabor Igloi
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Biologie III
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2008-12-31 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/121221689?language=en
• 关键词: Bestimmung; von; Strukturelementen; der; tRNA

Accuracy in the transfer of information from gene to protein is essential for viable life forms. The initial step in this process is dependent on the ability of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes to discriminate between amino acids and to attach these to the correct tRNA molecules. Several mechanisms guaranteeing specificity in amino acid selection have been described. Substrate recognition may occur independently for amino acid and tRNA but recent results concerning a sub-family of these enzymes have provided evidence for an involvement of the tRNA molecule itself in the amino acid recognition process. “Identity elements” within the tRNA that bring about the specific interaction with enzyme have been characterized in some (mainly prokaryotic) systems. The “recognition elements”, whose interactions with the enzyme mediate an induced-fit type of alteration in the enzyme active site that ultimately leads to amino acid discrimination, have not yet been defined. Using tRNA mutants and natural variants of arginyltRNA synthetases that distinguish themselves by their ability to discriminate between the allelochemical, canavanine, we propose to elucidate those elements within the tRNA structure that contribute to the fidelity of protein biosynthesis.

信息从基因到蛋白质传递的准确性对生命形式的生存至关重要。这个过程的第一步取决于氨酰-tRNA合成酶区分氨基酸并将其连接到正确的tRNA分子上的能力。已经描述了几种保证氨基酸选择特异性的机制。氨基酸和tRNA的底物识别可能独立发生，但最近有关这些酶的一个亚家族的结果提供了证据，证明tRNA分子本身参与了氨基酸识别过程。tRNA中与酶发生特异性相互作用的“同一性元件”在某些系统（主要是原核系统）中已经得到了表征。“识别元件”，其与酶的相互作用介导的酶活性位点，最终导致氨基酸歧视的诱导适合类型的改变，尚未被定义。使用tRNA突变体和天然变种的naturalyltRNA合成酶，区分自己的能力之间的化感物质，刀豆氨酸，我们建议阐明这些元素内的tRNA结构，有助于蛋白质生物合成的保真度。