Anzahl- und Massenflüsse von Aerosolpartikeln über einer Stadt, erfasst mit hoher Größenauflösung

这项建议的范围是量化城市冠层上的气溶胶粒子数量和质量通量。我们计划解决一个仍然广泛开放的科学领域。最近仪器技术的发展为利用涡旋协方差方法直接研究这些通量提供了机会。城市化地区既是颗粒物的源，也是颗粒物的汇。源特征主要适用于颗粒数，这是未来有关纳米气溶胶颗粒的毒理学考虑的相关参数。汇特征更适用于质量输送，这对于目前的研究(和现行立法)、PM2.5和PM10的源解析研究以及实现粒子输送到中尺度输送模式都是重要的。目前，人们对城市间的交换过程及其时空特征知之甚少。这项研究旨在产生一个大型数据基础，以了解这些通量作为大气条件(即稳定性)、土地利用(排放系数)、一天、一周和一年的时间的函数，以及最重要的是气溶胶大小的函数。只有通过对通量进行详细的尺寸分离，我们才能了解对通量有贡献的气溶胶动力过程。需要研究的重要问题之一是成核过程在大气中颗粒的数量和质量传输中的作用。

The scope of this proposal is to quantify aerosol particle number and mass fluxes over an urban canopy. We plan to address a scientific field that is still widely open. Recent development of instrumental techniques now offers the chance to study these fluxes directly, employing the eddy covariance method. Urbanized areas are both sources and sinks for particles. The source characteristic applies mainly to the particle number, which is a relevant parameter for future toxicological considerations concerning nano-sized aerosol particles. The sink characteristic rather applies to the mass transport, which is important for present studies (and present legislation), for the study of source apportionment of PM2.5 and PM10, and for implementation of particle transport to mesoscale transport models. Presently, there is little knowledge about the exchange processes over the cities and their temporal and spatial characteristics. This study aims to produce a large data basis to produce understanding of these fluxes as function of atmospheric conditions (i.e., stability), land use (emission factors), time of day, week, and year, and, mostly important, of aerosol size. Only through a detailed size segregation of the fluxes we can develop understanding of the aerosol dynamical processes contributing to the fluxes. One of the important issues to be studied is the role of nucleation processes during atmospheric number and mass transport of particles.