Modeling Development and Perceptual Phenomena in the Visual Cortex

视觉皮层的建模发展和感知现象

• 批准号: 9811478
• 负责人: Risto Miikkulainen
• 金额: $ 23.14万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-12-15 至 2001-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9811478&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Modeling; Development; Perceptual; Phenomena; Visual

Although much progress has been made in understanding the development and function of the visual cortex experimentally, the exact mechanisms are still not completely understood. With the advent of parallel supercomputers in the past few years, it has become viable to test theories about these mechanisms in detailed computational simulations. In the PIs previous project, a model of the primary visual cortex was developed that showed how the observed receptive fields, columnar organization, and lateral connectivity can arise through input-driven Hebbian self-organization. The current project continues the research in four directions: (1) The self-organizing model is extended to a hierarchy of visual representations, taking into account feedback from higher levels of visual processing. (2) Internal pattern generators are included in the model and the hypothesis that they implement genetic control over the self-organized structures is verified against data on chick imprinting and the development of face recognition in infants. (3) The hypothesis that visual illusions and aftereffects occur as a side effect of the adapting lateral interactions in the system is tested computationally. (4) The hypothesis that perceptual grouping occurs based on synchronization mediated by the lateral and feedback connections is tested, verifying that Gestalt phenomena emerge from self-organized interactions. The project lends strong computational support to the idea that the visual cortex is a continuously-adapting recurrent structure, and that perceptual phenomena such as face recognition, illusions, and grouping are its emergent effects.http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/nn/pages/research/selforg.html

尽管在实验上了解视觉皮层的发育和功能方面已经取得了很大进展，但其确切机制仍不完全清楚。 随着过去几年并行超级计算机的出现，在详细的计算模拟中测试有关这些机制的理论已经变得可行。在 PI 之前的项目中，开发了一个初级视觉皮层模型，该模型展示了观察到的感受野、柱状组织和横向连接如何通过输入驱动的赫布自组织产生。 当前的项目继续在四个方向进行研究：（1）将自组织模型扩展到视觉表示的层次结构，同时考虑来自更高级别的视觉处理的反馈。 (2)模型中包含内部模式生成器，并且根据小鸡印记和婴儿面部识别发展的数据验证了它们对自组织结构实施遗传控制的假设。 (3) 视错觉和后遗症作为系统中自适应横向相互作用的副作用而发生的假设经过计算测试。 （4）测试了知觉分组是基于横向和反馈连接介导的同步发生的假设，验证了格式塔现象是从自组织交互中产生的。 该项目为以下观点提供了强大的计算支持：视觉皮层是一种不断适应的循环结构，而面部识别、错觉和分组等感知现象是其涌现的影响。http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/nn/pages/research/selforg.html