Carbon and Oxygen Fluxes in the Central Arctic Ocean Based on Samples from the U.S. N. SCICEX 1999 Cruise

该项目是利用美国海军核潜艇作为研究平台的SCICEX计划的一部分。这是北极自然科学项目、海军研究办公室和作战海军之间的一个联合科学项目。SCICEX 99将是该计划的第六次巡航。SCICEX对北冰洋的首次潜艇巡航提供了比以前记录的更详细的北冰洋属性地理分布视图。该项目将研究北冰洋盆地中有机物的呼吸作用，以及这些碳在北极冰层下重新分配的程度。永久的北极冰盖深刻地改变了生物和化学条件。冰既限制了有机物质产生的光线，也阻止了地表水中的大部分呼吸信号与大气重新平衡。这些不寻常的条件造成了一种情况，在这种情况下，该盆地的碳通量可能由水平过程主导。从1996年美国军舰Pogy巡航中获得的样本为海洋碳系统中的主要变量提供了地理上广泛和连贯的数据集：溶解的无机（DIC）和有机（DOC）碳库以及颗粒碳（PC）库。此外，潜艇还绘制了每个盆地地表水的氧气分布图，为北极有机物呼吸发生的位置提供了重要证据。加拿大、Makarov、Amundsen和Nansen盆地的这些变量现在正在与SCICEX-96巡航的秋季数据进行比较。1999年的采样计划将在春末几个月收集类似的信息，并将覆盖范围扩大到加拿大群岛附近的水域。这些测量对于区分本地产生的与平流的呼吸信号的重要性，以及确定从河流进入北极的大量有机物质中有多少没有再矿化至关重要。这样的速率对于了解北极在海洋和大气碳循环中的作用至关重要。

9813656Sambrotto This project is part of the SCICEX program which makes use of U.S. Navy nuclear submarines as a research platform. This is a joint science program between the Arctic Natural Sciences Program, the Office of Naval Research and the operational Navy. SCICEX 99 will be the sixth cruise in this program. The initial SCICEX submarine cruises to the Arctic Ocean have provided a much more detailed view of the geographic distributions of Arctic Ocean properties than has been recorded previously. This project will address the respiration of organic matter in the basins of the Arctic Ocean and the extent to which this carbon is redistributed beneath Arctic ice. The permanent Arctic ice cover profoundly alters biological and chemical conditions. The ice both restricts the light available for the creation of organic matter, as well as prevents much of the respiration signal in surface waters from re-equilibrating with the atmosphere. These unusual conditions create a situation in which the flux of carbon in this basin may be dominated by horizontal processes. Samples obtained from the 1996 cruise of the USS Pogy provided a geographically broad and coherent data set for the major variables in the ocean carbon system: the dissolved inorganic (DIC) and organic (DOC) carbon pools as well as the particulate carbon (PC) pool. In addition, the submarine mapped oxygen distributions in the surface waters of each basin, providing important evidence as to where the respiration of organic matter occurs in the Arctic. The comparison of these variables in the Canada, Makarov, Amundsen and Nansen basins are now underway with fall data from the SCICEX-96 cruise. The sampling program in 1999 will gather analogous information in the late spring months and extend coverage into the waters near the Canadian Archipelago. These measurements will be critical to sort out the importance of locally produced versus advected respiration signals as well as to determine how much of the large amount of organic matter that enters the Arctic from rivers escapes remineralization. Such rates are critical for understanding the Arctic's role in the carbon cycle of the ocean and atmosphere.