Transport of Hydrocarbons by Lipophorin: Oenocytes, Epidermis, Fat Body, and Ovary Interactions

脂蛋白传输碳氢化合物：卵细胞、表皮、脂肪体和卵巢的相互作用

• 批准号: 9817075
• 负责人: Coby Schal
• 金额: $ 21万
• 依托单位: North Carolina State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-03-01 至 2003-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9817075&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Transport; Hydrocarbons; Lipophorin; Oenocytes; Epidermis

Hydrocarbons ("waxes") play critical roles in preventing water loss and in penetration of chemicals, including insecticides, through the insect cuticle. In the German cockroach, a female sex pheromone is derived from a hydrocarbon biosynthetic pathway. The results of Dr. Schal's laboratory from a previous NSF grant award have challenged the paradigm that hydrocarbons are transported directly from the oenocytes, which synthesize them, to the epicuticle. Rather, the PI has shown that that cuticular lipids are transported from the oenocytes by a blood protein to storage and deposition sites. His long-range goals are to understand the dynamics and regulation of hydrocarbon transport through the blood and to apply this information towards the development of new tactics of insect control. The PI's specific research objectives are: (1) Document hydrocarbon uptake by lipophorin, a blood protein, from oenocytes, midgut, and fat body; (2) Characterize the mechanisms of hydrocarbon deposition by lipophorin in the integument, fat body, and ovary; and (3) Test the dynamic nature of hydrocarbon transport during development and reproduction. This proposal is of basic biological value, elucidating the dynamics of lipid production and transport in a model insect. Moreover, it will provide an in-depth understanding of mechanisms of hydrocarbon transport in the German cockroach, an important pest of tremendous impact to society.

碳氢化合物(“蜡”)在防止水分流失和包括杀虫剂在内的化学物质通过昆虫角质层渗透方面发挥着关键作用。在德国蟑螂中，雌性信息素是通过碳氢化合物生物合成途径获得的。沙尔博士实验室上一次获得美国国家科学基金会拨款的结果挑战了碳氢化合物直接从合成碳氢化合物的卵母细胞输送到表层的范式。相反，PI已经表明，角质层脂质通过血液蛋白从卵母细胞转移到储存和沉积位置。他的长期目标是了解碳氢化合物通过血液运输的动态和规律，并将这些信息应用于开发新的昆虫控制策略。PI的具体研究目标是：(1)证明血液蛋白质脂蛋白从卵母细胞、中肠和脂肪体中摄取碳氢化合物；(2)表征脂蛋白在珠被、脂肪体和卵巢中沉积碳氢化合物的机制；以及(3)测试发育和生殖过程中碳氢化合物运输的动态性质。这一建议具有基本的生物学价值，阐明了模型昆虫中脂肪生产和运输的动力学。此外，它还将提供对德国蟑螂碳氢化合物运输机制的深入了解，这是一种对社会影响巨大的重要害虫。