SBIR Phase I: Novel Inexpensive Titanium Dioxide-Assisted Photocatalysis for Waste Stream Remediation

这是小企业创新研究一期项目。虽然许多形式的化学废物很容易使用简单的氧化过程来破坏，但其他形式的化学废物，包括推进剂、爆炸物、染料、卤代烃和被重金属污染的废物，则不是这样。然而，这些材料，以及简单的有机物，可以使用二氧化钛（TiO2）辅助光催化处理。虽然所有的高级氧化过程都是通过产生羟基自由基（OH*）来进行的，但tio2辅助光催化具有最大的廉价操作潜力，因为它只需要空气或水和阳光。TiO2辅助光催化的主要缺点是TiO2的太阳吸收率低，这导致氧化率低。在这个项目中，Ultramet将制造一种新型的二氧化钛催化剂材料黑体腔，这将导致几乎所有的入射辐射被催化剂吸收。该材料具有高表面积、高吸收率、低压降等特点，可作为固定催化剂床，无需将催化剂与废水分离。TiO2与其他催化氧化物或贵金属团簇的掺杂也将被研究。高效负载型催化剂的应用非常广泛。化学加工工业每年产生65公吨的有害溶剂废物和60公吨的其他化学废物，因此对这种技术的需求是巨大的。军事储备也需要废物修复。此外，尽管美国是废弃化学品的主要生产国，但其他工业国家也可以从这种廉价的补救技术中受益。

9861306 This is a Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project. While many forms of chemical waste are easy to destroy using simple oxidation processes, others, including propellants, explosives, dyes, halocarbons, and wastes tainted with heavy metals, are not. However, these materials, as well as simple organics, can be treated using titanium dioxide (TiO2)-assisted photocatalysis. While all advanced oxidation processes operate by generating hydroxyl radicals (OH*) , TiO2-assisted photocatalysis has the greatest potential for inexpensive operation due to the fact that it requires only air or water and sunlight. The primary drawback of TiO2-assisted photocatalysis is the low solar absorptivity of TiO2,, which yields low oxidation rates. In this project, Ultramet will fabricate a novel blackbody cavity of the TiO2 catalyst material, which will result in virtually all of the incident radiation being absorbed by the catalyst. This material, which has high surface area, high absorptivity, and low pressure drop, can be used as a fixed catalyst bed, eliminating the need to separate the catalyst from the effluent stream. Doping of the TiO2 with other catalytic oxides or noble metal clusters will also be investigated. The applications for a highly efficient supported catalyst are numerous. With 65 metric tons of hazardous solvent waste and 60 metric tons of other chemical wastes generated annually by the chemical process industry, the need for such technology is immense. Military stockpiles are also in need of waste remediation. Moreover, although the U.S. is the leading producer of waste chemicals, other industrial countries could benefit from this inexpensive remediation technology.