SBIR Phase I: Novel Inexpensive Titanium Dioxide-Assisted Photocatalysis for Waste Stream Remediation

SBIR 第一阶段：用于废物流修复的新型廉价二氧化钛辅助光催化

• 批准号: 9861306
• 负责人: David Scott
• 金额: $ 9.98万
• 依托单位: ULTRAMET, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-01-01 至 1999-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9861306&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Novel; Inexpensive; Titanium

9861306 This is a Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project. While many forms of chemical waste are easy to destroy using simple oxidation processes, others, including propellants, explosives, dyes, halocarbons, and wastes tainted with heavy metals, are not. However, these materials, as well as simple organics, can be treated using titanium dioxide (TiO2)-assisted photocatalysis. While all advanced oxidation processes operate by generating hydroxyl radicals (OH*) , TiO2-assisted photocatalysis has the greatest potential for inexpensive operation due to the fact that it requires only air or water and sunlight. The primary drawback of TiO2-assisted photocatalysis is the low solar absorptivity of TiO2,, which yields low oxidation rates. In this project, Ultramet will fabricate a novel blackbody cavity of the TiO2 catalyst material, which will result in virtually all of the incident radiation being absorbed by the catalyst. This material, which has high surface area, high absorptivity, and low pressure drop, can be used as a fixed catalyst bed, eliminating the need to separate the catalyst from the effluent stream. Doping of the TiO2 with other catalytic oxides or noble metal clusters will also be investigated. The applications for a highly efficient supported catalyst are numerous. With 65 metric tons of hazardous solvent waste and 60 metric tons of other chemical wastes generated annually by the chemical process industry, the need for such technology is immense. Military stockpiles are also in need of waste remediation. Moreover, although the U.S. is the leading producer of waste chemicals, other industrial countries could benefit from this inexpensive remediation technology.

9861306这是一个小型企业创新研究第一阶段项目。虽然许多形式的化学废物很容易通过简单的氧化过程销毁，但其他形式的化学废物，包括推进剂、炸药、染料、卤代烃和受重金属污染的废物，则不是这样。然而，这些材料以及简单的有机物可以用二氧化钛(TiO2光催化)辅助的光催化来处理。虽然所有高级氧化过程都是通过产生羟基自由基(OH*)来进行的，但二氧化钛辅助的光催化最有可能实现廉价的操作，因为它只需要空气或水和阳光。二氧化钛辅助光催化的主要缺点是二氧化钛的太阳吸收率低，从而产生低的氧化速率。在这个项目中，UltraMet将制造一种新型的二氧化钛催化剂材料的黑体空腔，这将导致几乎所有入射辐射都被催化剂吸收。这种材料具有高比表面积、高吸收率和低压降，可用作固定催化剂床，消除了将催化剂与流出物分离的需要。还将研究其他催化氧化物或贵金属簇合物对二氧化钛的掺杂。高效负载型催化剂的应用非常广泛。化工过程工业每年产生65公吨危险溶剂废物和60公吨其他化学废物，因此对这种技术的需求是巨大的。军事库存也需要对废物进行补救。此外，尽管美国是废物化学品的主要生产国，但其他工业国家也可以从这种廉价的补救技术中受益。