Doctoral Dissertation Research: Comparing Multi-Scalar Claims for Redress and Reparation

博士论文研究：比较多标量的补救和赔偿索赔

• 批准号: 1823901
• 负责人: David Scott
• 金额: $ 2.52万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2020-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1823901&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Comparing; Multi

In the second half of the twentieth century, claims for redress for historical injustices have put increasing pressure on political and legal systems. This pressure is compounded by the fact that claims for reparations may occur simultaneously at international and national levels. The research supported by this award asks how international claims for redress converge on or diverge from national claims for redress from local governments. With this dual focus, findings from this research can be used in the development of national government and international organization strategies for engaging with the increasing growth of claims for redress. Columbia University anthropology doctoral student, Anna Schirrer, supervised by Dr. David Scott, will carry out the research in Guyana. Guyana is an appropriate site for the research because there are active claims for redress at multiple levels that can be leveraged for research, and because the comparatively small size of the country makes the factors involved easier to isolate for a scientific study. Currently, there are two sorts of claims at stake. One claim, articulated by the multi-state Caribbean Community organization CARICOM, is a state-driven and internationally oriented claim for redress. The other, is a national rights-based claim for land addressed by local groups to the nation-state itself. Through twelve months of ethnographic research, the researcher will compare the legal resources, ethnic identity politics, and alliance networks used to legitimize authority in making redress claims. Data will be gathered through semi-structured interviews, ego-centered network mapping, and participant observation with a non-probability sample of experts at five different nodes in these networks. This research will contribute to social science theorization of the interactions between national and cross-national socio-legal processes. To reach non-academic audiences, the Co-PI will disseminate her research findings through public presentations at NGO-academic policy forums and with local stakeholders.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在二十世纪后半叶，要求纠正历史上的不公正给政治和法律的制度带来了越来越大的压力。国际和国家两级可能同时提出赔偿要求，这一事实加剧了这种压力。该奖项支持的研究探讨了国际赔偿要求如何与地方政府的国家赔偿要求趋同或不同。 有了这一双重重点，这项研究的结果可用于制定国家政府和国际组织的战略，以应对日益增长的赔偿要求。哥伦比亚大学人类学博士生安娜·希勒尔将在大卫·斯科特博士的指导下在圭亚那进行这项研究。圭亚那是进行研究的适当地点，因为在多个层面上有积极的补救要求，可以利用这些要求进行研究，而且因为该国面积相对较小，因此更容易将所涉因素分离出来进行科学研究。目前，有两种索赔处于危险之中。由多国组成的加勒比共同体组织加共体提出的一项要求是由国家驱动的、面向国际的赔偿要求。另一种是地方团体向民族国家本身提出的基于民族权利的土地要求。通过12个月的民族志研究，研究者将比较法律的资源，种族认同政治，联盟网络用于合法化的权威，使赔偿要求。数据将通过半结构化访谈、以自我为中心的网络映射和参与者观察来收集，其中专家的非概率样本位于这些网络中的五个不同节点。这项研究将有助于国家和跨国社会法律进程之间的相互作用的社会科学理论化。为了达到非学术观众，联合首席研究员将通过在非政府组织学术政策论坛上的公开演讲和与当地利益相关者传播她的研究成果。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。