GEM: Nonlinear Models of Substorm-Related Ground-Geomagnetic and Geosynchronous Disturbances

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This research program will continue the PI's efforts to develop nonlinear, data based models for predicting geomagnetic activity. The new work will expand the previous methods to include arrays of ground-based magnetometers rather than just using various magnetic indices. The spatial resolution provided by magnetometer arrays will provide information of the propagation of disturbances and should yield new insight into the possible triggering mechanisms for substorms. It will also be possible to monitor and predict important physical quantities, such as the ionospheric electric field and Joule heating.