Development of High Precision X-Ray Fluoresecence and Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis Techniques Suitable for Intrasite Provenance Studies

开发适用于现场来源研究的高精度 X 射线荧光和仪器中子活化分析技术

• 批准号: 0002682
• 负责人: Frank Asaro
• 金额: $ 21.06万
• 依托单位: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Interagency Agreement
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-10-01 至 2004-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0002682&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Development; Precision; Ray; Fluoresecence; Instrumental

With National Science Foundation support Dr. Frank Asaro and his colleagues will continue to develop and test the x-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique for ceramic analysis. XRF, in common with several other approaches, determines the abundance of trace elements present in ceramics and such data are extremely important to archaeological researchers. Trace element frequencies are set by both the clay used to manufacture a vessel as well as the tempering material included and through analysis of relative abundances it is often possible to establish the presence of "wares" - groups of material which share a common fabric and thus should be classed together. It is also sometimes possible to trace specific wares back to their point of origin through comparison with geological collections of clay raw material. Through sourcing studies and analysis of ceramics from large numbers of sites archaeologists can gain insight into the organization of ceramic production and trade. The movement of ceramics also sheds light on economic and political organization. Because ceramics played such a crucial role in many prehistoric societies and because it is well preserved and abundant in many archaeological sites, it provides a central focus of archaeological attention.Although XRF is not widely used for trace element studies, its potential is great. Its cost is relatively low and relatively little sample time is required. Were it developed to the level of accuracy of other techniques it would greatly facilitate archaeologists' practical access to trace element data. In this NSF award, Dr. Asaro and his colleagues will pursue several goals. They will work to improve the technique itself and focus on increasing the precision of measurement for a number of elements, especially Fe and lower Z elements. They shall use pottery groups from archaeological sites in the Galilee and Yucatan and raw materials from both areas as test cases and apply both XRA and INAA techniques. Compositional data will be evaluated using a battery of statistical methods. It will be determined if high-precision XRF or INAA, or both methods together are capable of distinguishing closely similar pottery compositional groups from individual sites in these two diverse areas.

在美国国家科学基金会的支持下，Frank Asaro 博士及其同事将继续开发和测试用于陶瓷分析的 X 射线荧光 (XRF) 技术。 XRF 与其他几种方法一样，可以确定陶瓷中微量元素的丰度，此类数据对于考古研究人员极其重要。微量元素频率由用于制造容器的粘土以及所含的回火材料决定，通过分析相对丰度，通常可以确定“制品”的存在，即共享共同结构的材料组，因此应归为一类。有时还可以通过与粘土原材料的地质收藏进行比较来追踪特定商品的原产地。通过对大量遗址中的陶瓷进行采购研究和分析，考古学家可以深入了解陶瓷生产和贸易的组织。陶瓷的运动也揭示了经济和政治组织。由于陶瓷在许多史前社会中发挥着至关重要的作用，并且由于陶瓷在许多考古遗址中保存完好且数量丰富，因此成为考古界关注的焦点。尽管 XRF 尚未广泛用于微量元素研究，但其潜力巨大。其成本相对较低，并且需要相对较少的采样时间。如果它发展到其他技术的准确性水平，它将极大地方便考古学家实际获取微量元素数据。在这个 NSF 奖项中，Asaro 博士和他的同事将追求几个目标。他们将致力于改进技术本身，并专注于提高多种元素的测量精度，特别是 Fe 和较低 Z 元素。他们将使用加利利和尤卡坦半岛考古遗址的陶器群以及来自这两个地区的原材料作为测试案例，并应用 XRA 和 INAA 技术。将使用一系列统计方法评估成分数据。将确定高精度 XRF 或 INAA 或两种方法一起是否能够从这两个不同区域的各个地点区分出非常相似的陶器成分组。