Development of an Inexpensive Continuous GPS System for Remote Monitoring of Volcano Deformation

开发用于远程监测火山变形的廉价连续 GPS 系统

• 批准号: 0004067
• 负责人: Dennis Geist
• 金额: $ 4.65万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Idaho
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-02-15 至 2003-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0004067&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Development; Inexpensive; Continuous; GPS; System

0004067GeistThis grant provides partial support to acquire continuously-monitoring GPS units that will be installed on Sierra Negra volcano in the Galapagos Islands of Ecuador. Several technological breakthroughs now enable the deployment of a continuous monitoring, high-precision GPS network in a remote setting at reasonable cost. The network to be developed in this proposal will comprise four single frequency GPS instruments with two dual frequency instruments, one of which will serve as a base station. Data will be continually streamed from the single frequency receivers to the base via radiomodem, where it will then be relayed in near real time via VSAT to UNAVCO in Boulder. The data will then be available via ftp to the principal investigator at the University of Idaho for processing. The network will be deployed on Sierra Negra volcano in the Galapagos archipelago. Sierra Negra has been chosen for a variety of reasons. First, satellite interferometry indicates that Sierra Negra is currently experiencing some of the fastest uplift rates of any volcano on the planet, on order of 50 cm/y. Second, the remote location of the Galapagos provides a robust test for deployment and operation of such a system, to demonstrate that it can be used to monitor virtually any volcano in this hemisphere. Although the archipelago is remote, Sierra Negra is relatively accessible, the PI has a great deal of logistical experience there, and the project will be supported by the Charles Darwin Research Station. Third, there are several projects currently being undertaken with the goal of understanding deformation of Sierra Negra's caldera (annual campaign GPS, fracture mapping, and monthly INSAR measurements). These are expected to dramatically increase our understanding of the uplift at Sierra Negra, and the deformation processes leading to caldera formation in general.***

0004067 geist这笔赠款为购置持续监测GPS装置提供部分支持，这些装置将安装在厄瓜多尔加拉帕戈斯群岛的Sierra Negra火山上。目前，几项技术突破使得在偏远地区以合理的成本部署连续监测、高精度的GPS网络成为可能。这项建议中拟发展的网络将包括四个单频GPS仪器和两个双频仪器，其中一个将作为基站。数据将通过无线电调制解调器从单频接收器源源不断地传送到基地，然后在基地通过甚小卫星几乎实时地传送到博尔德的联阿援助团。然后，这些数据将通过ftp提供给爱达荷大学的首席研究员进行处理。该网络将部署在加拉帕戈斯群岛的塞拉内格拉火山上。Sierra Negra被选中的原因有很多。首先，卫星干涉测量表明，塞拉内格拉目前正经历着地球上所有火山中最快的隆起速度，大约为每年50厘米。其次，加拉帕戈斯群岛的偏远位置为这种系统的部署和运行提供了一个强有力的测试，证明它可以用来监测本半球几乎任何一座火山。虽然该群岛地处偏远，但内格拉山脉相对容易到达，PI在那里有丰富的后勤经验，而且该项目将得到查尔斯·达尔文研究站的支持。第三，目前有几个项目正在进行，目的是了解Sierra Negra火山口的变形情况（每年一次的GPS活动、裂缝测绘和每月一次的INSAR测量）。这些预计将极大地增加我们对Sierra Negra隆起的理解，以及导致火山口形成的变形过程