Electromagnetic Imaging of Vortex Dynamics in High-Temperature Superconductors

高温超导体中涡旋动力学的电磁成像

• 批准号: 0073366
• 负责人: Roman Sobolewski
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: University of Rochester
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-07-01 至 2004-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0073366&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Electromagnetic; Imaging; Vortex; Dynamics; Temperature

This individual investigator award is to several professors at the University of Rochester for a project aimed at an improved understanding of the vortex dynamics and pinning effects in high-temperature superconductors (HTS). This project will make use of modern femtosecond laser techniques and both electro-optic (EO) and magneto-optic (MO) imaging methods to provide time-resolved two-dimensional images of intrinsic vortex dynamics in HTS thin films, single crystals, and wires. Specific problems to be addressed include vortex nucleation and motion in the presence of random and periodic pinning, dynamical phase transitions of vortex matter induced by transport current, and vortex velocity distributions in flux-flow channels above the critical current. This research should have important implications for high-power applications of HTS materials. This is a highly interdisciplinary research project, which will involve graduate and undergraduate students and faculty members in physics, materials science, and electrical and computer engineering at the University of Rochester, as well as researchers at Argonne National Laboratory. The students will gain skills to enable them to compete in the future market place.%%%Superconductors are of great importance because they can carry very large electrical currents with zero resistance. These currents in turn produce very large magnetic fields. However, for currents above a certain "critical current", the material will no longer be a superconductor since magnetic vortices suddenly penetrate the superconductor, producing resistive loss and sometimes catastrophic heating in the material. In order to make superconductors that can carry ever higher currents, it is essential to understand this breakdown mechanism in more detail. This individual investigator award is to several professors at the University of Rochester for a project that will make use of femtosecond lasers arranged as ultrafast two-dimensional imaging cameras to take a series of snapshots of a superconductor while this breakdown is taking place, resulting in a "slow-motion movie" of the rapid dynamics of the magnetic vortices as they enter the superconductor. The results of this study should provide clues to making higher-quality High-temperature superconducting wires, tapes, and thin films for a variety of electronic and energy-related applications. This is a highly interdisciplinary research project, which will involve graduate and undergraduate students and faculty members in physics, materials science, and electrical and computer engineering at the University of Rochester, as well as researchers at Argonne National Laboratory. The students will gain skills to enable them to compete in the future market place.***

这个个人研究奖是在罗切斯特大学的几位教授的一个项目，旨在提高对高温超导体（HTS）的涡旋动力学和钉扎效应的理解。该项目将利用现代飞秒激光技术和电光（EO）和磁光（MO）成像方法，提供高温超导薄膜，单晶和导线中固有涡旋动力学的时间分辨二维图像。要解决的具体问题包括涡旋成核和运动中存在的随机和周期性的钉扎，动态相变的涡旋物质诱导的运输电流，和涡旋速度分布在磁通流通道以上的临界电流。 这项研究对高温超导材料的高功率应用具有重要意义。 这是一个高度跨学科的研究项目，将涉及罗切斯特大学物理学、材料科学、电气和计算机工程的研究生和本科生以及教职员工，以及阿贡国家实验室的研究人员。 学生将获得技能，使他们能够在未来的市场竞争。%超导体非常重要，因为它们可以在零电阻的情况下传输非常大的电流。 这些电流反过来又产生非常大的磁场。 然而，对于高于某个“临界电流”的电流，材料将不再是超导体，因为磁涡旋突然穿透超导体，在材料中产生电阻损耗和有时灾难性的加热。 为了制造出能够承载更高电流的超导体，有必要更详细地了解这种击穿机制。 这项个人研究奖授予了罗切斯特大学的几位教授，他们的一个项目将利用飞秒激光器作为超快二维成像相机，在超导体发生击穿时拍摄一系列超导体的快照，从而产生磁涡旋进入超导体时快速动态的“慢动作电影”。 这项研究的结果应该提供线索，使更高质量的高温超导导线，磁带和薄膜的各种电子和能源相关的应用。这是一个高度跨学科的研究项目，将涉及罗切斯特大学物理学、材料科学、电气和计算机工程的研究生和本科生以及教职员工，以及阿贡国家实验室的研究人员。 学生将获得技能，使他们能够在未来的市场竞争。