Collaborative Research: Detecting Spatial Patterns of Dust Effects on Soils: Testing New Methodology in the Central Great Plains

合作研究：检测灰尘对土壤影响的空间模式：在中部大平原测试新方法

• 批准号: 0079252
• 负责人: Joseph Mason
• 金额: $ 10.04万
• 依托单位: University of Nebraska-Lincoln
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-08-01 至 2003-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0079252&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Detecting; Spatial; Patterns

This project will investigate the role of atmospheric dust deposition in creating regional spatial patterns of soil variation, using a study area in the central Great Plains. On the Great Plains, as in many other arid to subhumid landscapes, there is both geologic evidence and modern documentation of recurrent regional dust transport and deposition. During the Holocene, dust deposition at high rates produced distinct loess deposits in scattered localities in this region. More slowly deposited dust may have been incorporated into developing soil profiles over much larger areas. The key new element in this project is the focus on detecting regional spatial patterns indicative of dust transport, using a network of sampling sites across the central Great Plains. Dust deposition rate, grain size, and mineralogy vary systematically with distance from the source. These trends should be reflected in regional spatial patterns of soil morphology and mineralogy corresponding to "plumes" of Holocene dust dispersal from major sources. Multiple soil profiles will be sampled at each site to quantify local variability. From the regional sampling network, the investigators will select representative soils to use in more detailed investigations of the mineralogical and geochemical evidence for dust addition during soil development.This project will test methodology that can be much more broadly applied to a basic problem of soil science, in landscapes affected by recurrent dust production and deposition. Dust deposition is widely recognized as an important process in soil formation, but most previous studies have not focused on broad regional patterns of dust effects on soils. These spatial patterns are the key to incorporating dust effects into our understanding of important soil-related environmental issues. For example, the potential of soils to store organic carbon is an important issue in efforts to predict and mitigate human-induced changes in the global carbon cycle. Dust deposition may affect regional patterns of soil carbon storage potential because the added dust can change soil properties that strongly influence carbon storage. Because this project will sample a regional network of soils, the results will be directly applicable to mapping soil carbon storage potential over a large region. Results of this project will also help interpret buried soils that are important indicators of past climate change.

该项目将利用大平原中部的一个研究区，调查大气尘埃沉积在创造土壤变化的区域空间模式中的作用。在大平原上，就像在许多其他干旱到亚湿润的地貌中一样，既有地质证据，也有现代文献表明，区域尘埃反复输送和沉积。在全新世，粉尘的高速沉积在该地区分散的地方形成了明显的黄土沉积。更缓慢沉积的尘埃可能已经被纳入了大得多地区正在形成的土壤剖面中。该项目的关键新内容是利用大平原中部地区的采样点网络，重点探测表明沙尘传播的区域空间模式。粉尘沉积速率、颗粒大小和矿物学随距离源的距离而有系统地变化。这些趋势应反映在土壤形态和矿物学的区域空间格局中，与来自主要来源的全新世粉尘扩散的“羽流”相对应。将在每个地点对多个土壤剖面进行采样，以量化当地的可变性。从区域采样网络中，研究人员将选择具有代表性的土壤，用于更详细地调查土壤发育过程中粉尘增加的矿物学和地球化学证据。该项目将测试可以更广泛地应用于土壤科学的一个基本问题的方法学，在受反复产生和沉积粉尘影响的景观中。粉尘沉积被广泛认为是土壤形成中的一个重要过程，但以往的大多数研究都没有集中在粉尘对土壤影响的广泛区域模式上。这些空间模式是将粉尘效应纳入我们对与土壤有关的重要环境问题的理解的关键。例如，土壤储存有机碳的潜力是预测和缓解人类引起的全球碳循环变化的一个重要问题。粉尘沉积可能会影响土壤碳储存潜力的区域模式，因为添加的粉尘会改变强烈影响碳储存的土壤性质。由于该项目将对区域性土壤网络进行采样，因此其结果将直接适用于绘制大范围土壤碳储量潜力图。该项目的结果还将有助于解释埋藏的土壤，这些土壤是过去气候变化的重要指标。