Molecular Control of Ovule Development

胚珠发育的分子控制

• 批准号: 0079434
• 负责人: Charles Gasser
• 金额: $ 34万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-01 至 2003-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0079434&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Molecular; Control; Ovule; Development

0079434GasserAs the precursors to seeds, ovules play essential roles in sexual plant reproduction and crop productivity. Because ovule development includes processes which typify development in all multicellular organisms, it can serve as a model for studying fundamental mechanisms regulating the processes of morphogenesis and tissue differentiation. Genes regulating critical steps in ovule development have been identified through studies on mutations affecting this process in Arabidopsis thaliana. Three mutants affecting growth of ovules, or specific substructures, will be used to elucidate the regulation of ovule development. HUELLENLOS (HLL) is essential for maintenance of ovule growth, and SHORT INTEGUMENTS 2 (SIN2) and INNER NO OUTER (INO) are essential for complete formation of the integuments (which go on to form the seed coat). INO encodes a putative transcription factor and exhibits a tightly regulated pattern of expression in ovules. The mechanism of INO regulation will be examined by dissecting the regulatory elements in the promoter region, and by testing such elements for interactions with putative regulators of this gene. HLL encodes a protein with significant similarity to the L14 subunits of bacterial ribosomes. mRNA and protein localizations will be used to determine the expression pattern and subcellular location of the protein product of this gene. These studies will test the hypotheses that HLL has an essential cellular role, or that it is a novel regulator of ovule development. Following isolation, the SIN2 gene will be subject to similar analysis. DNA microarrays will be tested with probes deriving from mutant tissues to assess the utility of this method in evaluation of overall patterns of gene expression in ovules and integuments. Completion of the proposed research will significantly increase our understanding of genetic and molecular control of plant reproductive development and of morphogenesis and histogenesis in general.

0079434胚珠作为种子的前体，在植物有性生殖和作物生产中起着重要作用。由于胚珠发育包括所有多细胞生物中典型的发育过程，因此它可以作为研究调节形态发生和组织分化过程的基本机制的模型。通过对影响拟南芥胚珠发育过程的突变的研究，已经确定了调控胚珠发育关键步骤的基因。三个突变体影响胚珠的生长，或特定的亚结构，将被用来阐明胚珠发育的调控。HUELLENLOS（HLL）是维持胚珠生长所必需的，而短整合子2（SIN 2）和内无外（INNO）是完全形成珠被（继续形成种皮）所必需的。INO编码一个假定的转录因子，并在胚珠中表现出严格调控的表达模式。INO调节的机制将通过解剖启动子区域中的调节元件，并通过测试这些元件与该基因的假定调节因子的相互作用来检查。HLL编码的蛋白质与细菌核糖体的L14亚基具有显著的相似性。mRNA和蛋白定位将用于确定该基因的蛋白产物的表达模式和亚细胞定位。 这些研究将测试假设，HLL有一个必不可少的细胞的作用，或者说，它是一种新的调节胚珠发育。分离后，将对SIN 2基因进行类似的分析。DNA微阵列将与来自突变体组织的探针进行测试，以评估该方法在评价胚珠和珠被中基因表达的总体模式中的实用性。完成拟议的研究将显着增加我们的理解，遗传和分子控制植物生殖发育和形态发生和组织发生一般。