Geographical Studies in Early Medieval Europe: The Manuscript Transmission of Latin Geographical Texts and Commentaries, ca. 800-1100

中世纪早期欧洲的地理研究：拉丁地理文本和评论的手稿传播，约。

• 批准号: 0080229
• 负责人: Natalia Lozovsky
• 金额: $ 3.83万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-08-01 至 2003-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0080229&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Geographical; Studies; Early; Medieval; Europe

00-80229 - Natalia Lozovsky (University of Colorado at Boulder) - "Geographical Studies in Early Modern Europe: The Manuscript Transmission of Latin Geographical Texts and Commentaries, ca. 800 - 1100"Objectives: The traditional story represents the early Middle Ages in the Latin West as a period of scientific decline. Contrary to traditional assumptions, geography occupied an important place in medieval thought and education and developed following its own rules and norms, like all early medieval sciences. Parallel evidence of such disciplines as astronomy and calendric computation reinforces the case for reconsidering our picture of science in the period immediately preceding what the traditional story has termed "the Renaissance of the twelfth century."This project will investigate the vigorous geographical tradition of the early Middle Ages, which survived in numerous manuscripts transmitting authoritative classical geographical texts written by Martianus Capella, Macrobius, Pomponius Mela, Pliny, and Solinus. Often accompanied by commentaries and diagrams that clarified their meaning and expanded their ideas, these texts provide unique evidence about both intellectual and social parameters of medieval geography. The project will analyze the content, methods, and functions of early medieval geographical knowledge and demonstrate how a reconstruction of this historical variety of scientific knowledge enriches and changes our picture of scientific development.Using the results of the primary research as a foundation, the project will also aim at creating a conceptual framework appropriate for the study of medieval science and potentially applicable to pre-modern sciences in general.Methods: The project is based on the study of medieval Latin manuscripts preserved in the libraries of Europe. The principal objects of research will be scholarly explanations of the classical texts as well as the variations in the text transmitted in different manuscripts. All these reveal how the understanding of classical tradition developed at different times and places. Therefore, at the first stage the method will be close reading of Latin manuscripts, which aims at: 1) identification of variations in the text from one manuscript copy to another; 2) identification and transcription of interlinear and marginal explanations and diagrams.At the second stage, the project will test the methods and conceptual apparatus used by scholars in other historical disciplines for their applicability to medieval material.Significance: The analysis of this important and previously neglected category of sources will provide our study of early sciences with a primary research foundation and a conceptual framework, both largely missing at present. Thus not only will the project open a new perspective on the development and meaning of geography in the early Middle Ages, but, in a broader sense, it will be a new contribution to the history of pre-modern sciences, since medieval geography may serve as a useful model in other areas of study.

00-80229 -娜塔莉亚洛佐夫斯基（科罗拉多大学博尔德分校）-“地理研究在近代早期欧洲：曼尼普尔文传输拉丁地理文本和评论，约。800 - 1100“目的：传统的故事代表了中世纪早期在拉丁美洲西部作为一个时期的科学衰落。与传统的假设相反，地理学在中世纪的思想和教育中占据了重要的地位，并且像所有早期中世纪的科学一样，按照自己的规则和规范发展。天文学和历法计算等学科的平行证据加强了重新考虑我们在传统故事所称的“12世纪文艺复兴”之前的时期的科学图景的理由。“这个项目将调查中世纪早期充满活力的地理传统，这一传统在众多手稿中幸存下来，这些手稿传播了由Martianus卡佩拉、Macrobius、Pomponius Mela、Pliny和Solinus撰写的权威的经典地理文本。这些文本通常附有注释和图表，以澄清其含义并扩展其思想，为中世纪地理学的知识和社会参数提供了独特的证据。该项目将分析中世纪早期地理知识的内容、方法和功能，并展示这种历史多样性的科学知识的重建如何丰富和改变我们对科学发展的看法。该项目还旨在建立一个适合于研究中世纪科学的概念框架，并可能适用于前方法：该项目基于对保存在欧洲图书馆中的中世纪拉丁文手稿的研究。研究的主要对象将是经典文本的学术解释，以及在不同的手稿传输文本的变化。所有这些都揭示了对古典传统的理解在不同的时间和地点是如何发展的。因此，在第一阶段的方法将是密切阅读的拉丁手稿，其目的是：1）确定的变化，在文本从一个手稿副本到另一个;（2）线间和边缘解释和图表的识别和转录。在第二阶段，该项目将测试其他历史学科的学者所使用的方法和概念装置，重要性：对这一重要的、以前被忽视的来源类别的分析将为我们对早期科学的研究提供一个主要的研究基础和一个概念框架，这两个基础和框架目前在很大程度上都缺乏。因此，该项目不仅将开辟一个新的视角，在中世纪早期的地理学的发展和意义，但在更广泛的意义上，它将是一个新的贡献，前现代科学的历史，因为中世纪的地理学可以作为一个有用的模式，在其他领域的研究。