Coherent Nanotechnology Quantum Devices for Information Processing

在一个为期一年的探索性研究（SGER）的ECS Divisionof NSF授予的小额赠款，我们已经探索了纳米技术设备中的相干量子效应的新概念。我们设想了几种新的基于耦合相干量子现象的固态器件，这些器件在计算和通信方面具有潜在的用途，并通过理论研究探讨了它们的实用性。有了这一初步的成功，我们现在建议继续这些研究，对这些现象进行更广泛和精确的分析，并启动一个耦合实验计划来证明可行性。显示出最有希望的量子计算机的纳米技术结构是基于交换耦合电子的自旋，这些电子被困在一个由III-V族或硅制成的门控量子点阵列中。该量子计算机在相干时间内可以进行10 5次运算，运算速率为2量子比特，频率为10 8Hz.它是readilyscalable到大量的元素，在~10 6量子比特的顺序，和electricallyreconfigurable利用平面架构。该器件无疑是可制造的使用技术所启用的70纳米技术节点中指定的“国际技术路线图半导体，1999年版”。我们已经与希望利用这种纳米技术的工业界建立了合作关系，一旦我们证明了这种技术的可行性。为了充分研究我们概念的潜力，我们建议进行一项全面的研究，通过分析器件的物理参数来产生所需的能量结构和相邻器件元件之间的耦合强度，通过调查相干性的限制，并通过模拟该装置的运行，使其作为量子计算机运行。我们还建议进行一项实验计划，以制造和测试这些设备的基本原型，以证明其可行性。这项研究将与一项教育计划相结合，该计划为研究生提供跨学科研究，并为开发介绍在北卡罗来纳州州立大学的电子和计算机工程系研究生阶段进行量子信息处理。

In a one-year small grant for exploratory research (SGER) granted by the ECS Divisionof NSF, we have explored new concepts for coherent quantum effects in nanotechnologydevices. We have conceived of several new solid-state devices based on coupled coherentquantum phenomena that are potentially useful for computing and communications, andinvestigated their practicality through theoretical studies. With this initial success, wenow propose to continue these studies with a more extensive and precise analysis of thephenomena and to initiate a coupled experimental program to show feasibility.The nanotechnology structure that shows most promise for a quantum computer is basedon the spin of exchange coupled electrons trapped in an array of gated quantum dotsfabricated in either III-V or silicon. The proposed quantum computer is capable of 10 5operations within the coherence time at a two-qubit operation rate at 10 8 Hz. It is readilyscalable to a large number of elements, on the order of ~10 6 qubits, and electricallyreconfigurable utilizing a planar architecture. This device is unquestionablymanufacturable using technology enabled by the 70-nm technology node as specified inthe "International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors, 1999 Edition". We haveestablished collaborations with industry that wish to take advantage of thisnanotechnology once we have shown feasibility.To fully examine the potential of our concepts, we propose to conduct a comprehensivestudy by analyzing the physical parameters of the devices to generate the desired energystructure and coupling strength among neighboring device elements, by investigating thelimitations to coherence, and by simulating the operation of the device to operate it as aquantum computer. We further propose to undertake an experimental program tofabricate and test elementary prototypes of these devices to demonstrate feasibility.Collaboration between the theoretical and experimental studies should result in a nano-devicestructure that is technically interesting and potentially important for commercialuse.This research will be coupled to an educational program that provides interdisciplinaryresearch for graduate students and for the development of courses that introduce quantuminformation processes at the graduate level within the Electrical and ComputerEngineering Department at North Carolina State University.