Reliability-Based Simulation for Performance-Based Design

基于可靠性的仿真，用于基于性能的设计

• 批准号: 0084590
• 负责人: Bruce Ellingwood
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: Johns Hopkins University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-15 至 2003-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0084590&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Reliability; Based; Simulation; Performance; Design

During the past decade, significant changes have occurred in building design and construction: the move toward limit states design; revolution in the use of advanced computation as a tool in structural design; revolution in the use of advanced computation as a tool in structural design: and the introduction of innovative high-performance materials. At the same, time, the performance of many structures designed by traditional methods and criteria and subjected to extreme natural hazards has been judged increasingly inadequate. The problem is that in current design codes the prevention of structural collapse has been used as the primary criterion of acceptable performance. It has been found, however, that less drastic forms of structural damage as well ass the functional disruptions resulting from natural hazards can lead to economic losses that approach the cost of the structure itself.Current design practice focuses on the characteristics and behavior of a new facility. However, the continued satisfaction of the building owner and occupants depends on the performance of the building over an extended period. In the past, durability of materials usually has been addressed through material selection, detailing and finishing at the design and construction stage. This approach has not always led to satisfactory results in service, and is likely to even less successful as innovative materials are introduced into building construction. To achieve better solutions in performance-based engineering, material selection and durability issues must be better integrated into the design process. Methods to do this are only in a rudimentary stage of development. For performance-based engineering to achieve its full potential, the following ingredients must be available: computational tools to evaluate the performance of integrated systems; relations that define performance in terms of structural response quantities that engineers can compute using available methods; databases to measure uncertainties in the engineering parameters of interest; system reliability analysis procedures to provide the framework for managing these uncertainties and quantitative risk targets.

在过去的十年中，建筑设计和施工发生了重大变化：向极限状态设计的转变;在结构设计中使用先进计算工具的革命;在结构设计中使用先进计算工具的革命;以及创新的高性能材料的引入。与此同时，许多按传统方法和标准设计并遭受极端自然灾害的结构的性能已被判定越来越不合格。问题是，在目前的设计规范中，防止结构倒塌已被用作可接受的性能的主要标准。然而，已经发现，不太剧烈的结构破坏形式以及自然灾害造成的功能中断可能导致接近结构本身成本的经济损失。目前的设计实践集中在新设施的特性和行为上。然而，建筑物业主和住户的持续满意度取决于建筑物在较长时期内的性能。 在过去，材料的耐久性通常是通过在设计和施工阶段的材料选择，细节和装修来解决的。这种方法并不总是在服务中取得令人满意的结果，而且随着创新材料被引入建筑施工，这种方法可能更不成功。为了在基于性能的工程中实现更好的解决方案，材料选择和耐久性问题必须更好地融入设计过程。这样做的方法只是处于发展的初级阶段。 为了使基于性能的工程充分发挥其潜力，必须具备以下要素：评估集成系统性能的计算工具;根据工程师可以使用现有方法计算的结构响应量定义性能的关系;测量感兴趣的工程参数不确定性的数据库;系统可靠性分析程序，以提供管理这些不确定性和定量风险目标的框架。