Collaborative: Phylogenetic and Geographic Patterns in Moss Diversity

合作：苔藓多样性的系统发育和地理模式

• 批准号: 0089131
• 负责人: Arthur Shaw
• 金额: $ 32.95万
• 依托单位: Duke University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-08-01 至 2005-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0089131&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Phylogenetic; Geographic; Patterns; Moss

The mosses (Division or Phylum Bryophyta) comprise the second largest group of land plants, after the highly successful angiosperms (flowering plants), and are important components of virtually all terrestrial ecosystems. Tremendous progress has been made in the last five years toward an understanding of phylogenetic relationships among the mosses and this project will build significantly upon that foundation. Information containedin DNA sequences acquired from multiple chloroplast and nuclear genes will be used to reconstruct genealogical relationships across the full spectrum of moss diversity, sampled from nearly all 865 currently recognized genera of mosses. In turn, the genealogical findings will then be used to investigate historical and ecological factors that affect patterns of moss diversity on a global scale. A novel aspect of the research will be the integration of different approaches to the measurement of biodiversity. In particular, the investigators will compare so-called taxic diversity, the numbers of species recognized by traditional taxonomic studies, to so-called phylogenetic measures of diversity (PD: phylogenetic diversity) based on variation (mutational diversity) at the DNA level. Such measures of phylogenetic diversity have recently gained prominence in conservation biology, and the research will extend such applications to the study of global biodiversity patterns in a major group of terrestrial organisms. Collaborating investigators Dr. Jon Shaw at Duke University and Dr. Bernard Goffinet at University of Connecticut will seek to test specific hypotheses about relative levels of biodiversity in tropical versus high latitude ecosystems, and between communities in different types of habitats. The work will therefore contribute to a broader understanding of the underlying mechanisms that control the world's biodiversity. This funding will also contribute significantly to the training of young biologists at Duke University and the University of Connecticut.

苔藓植物是陆地植物中仅次于被子植物的第二大类群，是几乎所有陆地生态系统的重要组成部分。 在过去的五年里，在了解苔藓植物之间的系统发育关系方面取得了巨大的进展，本项目将在此基础上取得重大进展。 从多个叶绿体和核基因获得的DNA序列中包含的信息将用于重建整个苔藓多样性谱的系谱关系，从几乎所有865个目前公认的苔藓属中取样。反过来，系谱学的研究结果将用于调查影响全球范围内苔藓多样性模式的历史和生态因素。 研究的一个新方面将是整合不同的生物多样性测量方法。 特别是，研究人员将比较所谓的分类多样性，即传统分类学研究所识别的物种数量，与基于DNA水平变异（突变多样性）的所谓系统发育多样性（PD：系统发育多样性）。 最近，这种系统发育多样性的测量方法在保护生物学中得到了重视，这项研究将把这种应用扩大到研究一个主要陆地生物群体的全球生物多样性模式。 合作研究人员杜克大学的乔恩·肖博士和康涅狄格大学的伯纳德·戈菲内博士将试图测试关于热带与高纬度生态系统以及不同类型栖息地群落之间生物多样性相对水平的具体假设。 因此，这项工作将有助于更广泛地了解控制世界生物多样性的基本机制。 这笔资金还将大大有助于杜克大学和康涅狄格大学年轻生物学家的培训。