Evolution of a Unique Ovipositional Syndrome in the Leafhopper Tribe Proconiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

叶蝉部落Proconiini（半翅目：叶蝉科）独特产卵综合症的进化

• 批准号: 0089671
• 负责人: Christopher Dietrich
• 金额: $ 19.5万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-04-01 至 2005-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0089671&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Evolution; Unique; Ovipositional; Syndrome; Leafhopper

DEB-0089671Christopher H. DietrichDr. Christopher Dietrich of the University of Illinois/Illinois Natural History Survey has been awarded a grant to study aspects of the evolution of reproductive behaviors in insects. This research should help explain the extraordinary success of this group of animals and may suggest improved methods for managing economically important species. Modern phylogenetic methods have greatly improved understanding of evolutionary processes at the level of genes and individual traits, but the processes by which multiple coordinated traits, or adaptive syndromes, evolve remain poorly understood. This project examines the evolution of several morphological, behavioral, and physiological traits related to the unique egg-laying (oviposition) syndrome of proconiine leafhoppers (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). Unlike most leafhoppers, which insert their eggs into plant tissue without coating the egg scars, certain proconiine species coat their egg scars with specialized secretory particles called brochosomes. In most leafhopper species, brochosomes are used primarily to provide a water-repellant coating on external surfaces of the body. In proconiines, brochosomes have assumed a new function in the protection of egg masses. Pregnant female proconiines store brochosomes in globs on their forewings and, after oviposition, scrape them off the wing and onto the egg scar using the hind legs. The brochosomes of ovipositing females differ from those of males and non-ovipositing females and corresponding modifications are found in the legs and forewings. By estimating the phylogenetic relationships among proconiine species using morphological and DNA sequence data, this project will address the question of whether the various traits related to the unique oviposition syndrome were acquired all at once or in a stepwise fashion. The project will provide training for a Ph.D. student and post-doctoral fellow in field sampling, data collection, morphological and molecular genetic methods. The project will also improve collaborative ties between U.S. and Brazilian researchers and will yield improved tools for identifying leafhopper species.

DEB-0089671Christopher H.迪特里希博士伊利诺伊大学/伊利诺伊州自然历史调查的克里斯托弗·迪特里希获得了一笔研究昆虫生殖行为进化方面的资助。 这项研究应该有助于解释这组动物的非凡成功，并可能提出管理经济重要物种的改进方法。 现代系统发育方法极大地提高了对基因和个体性状水平上进化过程的理解，但对多个协调性状或适应性综合征的进化过程仍然知之甚少。 本计画探讨与叶蝉（昆虫纲：半翅目：叶蝉科）独特的产卵（产卵）症候群相关的几种形态、行为和生理特徴的演化。 与大多数叶蝉不同，它们将卵插入植物组织而不覆盖卵痕，某些原毒蛾物种用称为brochosomes的特殊分泌颗粒覆盖卵痕。 在大多数叶蝉物种中，brochosomes主要用于在身体的外表面上提供防水涂层。 在原孢子中，brochosomes在保护卵块方面具有新的功能。 怀孕的雌性小蜂在它们的前翅上以球状物的形式储存brochosomes，在产卵后，用后腿将它们从翅膀上刮下来并放在卵痕上。 产卵雌虫的钩体不同于雄虫和非产卵雌虫，在腿和前翅上也有相应的变化。 通过使用形态学和DNA序列数据估计proconiine物种之间的系统发育关系，该项目将解决的问题，是否与独特的产卵综合征的各种性状是一次性或逐步获得。 该项目将为一名博士提供培训。在野外取样、数据收集、形态学和分子遗传学方法方面学生和博士后研究员。 该项目还将改善美国和巴西研究人员之间的合作关系，并将改进识别叶蝉物种的工具。