SGER Proposal: Iceberg drift in the near-shelf environment, Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica

SGER提案：南极洲罗斯冰架近陆架环境中的冰山漂移

• 批准号: 0089902
• 负责人: Douglas MacAyeal
• 金额: $ 8.69万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-01 至 2003-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0089902&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Proposal; Iceberg; drift; near

0089902MacAyealThe recent calving of a large iceberg (B15) from the Ross Ice Shelf presents a unique opportunity to measure the processes which control the drift of large tabular icebergs including, wind-driven and thermohaline currents, tides, sea ice, and winds. The calving of such an extraordinarily large iceberg within the logistics reach of the US Antarctic Program, is rare. Thus the calving of B15 offers an exciting opportunity to study iceberg drift, and all of the other aspects of iceberg behavior which are associated with the long-term stability of the Antarctic environment.The extraordinary freshwater volume of large tabular icebergs has in the past been identified as a natural resource of human economic value (e.g., for water poor regions of the earth). Feasibility studies of iceberg towing to water-poor regions have largely been poo-pooed as science fiction. Nevertheless, tabular icebergs commonly travel thousands of miles as a result of natural processes which, if understood, could perhaps be harnessed for human economic and social value. We propose to make direct measurements of the drift of icebergs B15a, B15b and asmaller iceberg (either B16, B17 or B18, depending on circumstances) to:1. observationally constrain parameters that will improve the models of iceberg drift, e.g., by determining drag coefficients appropriate to atmospheric and oceanic interactions, including drag induced by sea ice,2. improve our ability to predict calving events and the subsequent iceberg drift trajectory,3. compliment ongoing remote sensing study of the iceberg and its behavior4. measure the progress of the berg(s) toward logistically sensitive areas.The last point reflects the fact that interest in B15's drift over the next year(s) is not restricted to the realm of basic science. It is conceivable that B15 and its progeny (it is now in two pieces and has caused smaller bergs to calve from the Ross Ice Shelf) poses a complication to normal shipping to and from the US's main research and logistics station in Antarctica. While this proposal represents the broad scientific interests of several investigators at several institutions, its focus is narrow. Support is requested for assembly and deployment of instruments to observe the weather conditions and the drift of B15.

0089902MacAyeal最近从罗斯冰架的一个大冰山（B15）的崩解提供了一个独特的机会来测量控制大型板状冰山漂移的过程，包括风驱动和温盐流，潮汐，海冰和风。在美国南极计划的后勤范围内，如此巨大的冰山的崩解是罕见的。因此，B15的崩解为研究冰山漂移以及与南极环境长期稳定性相关的冰山行为的所有其他方面提供了一个令人兴奋的机会。大型板状冰山的非凡淡水量在过去被确定为具有人类经济价值的自然资源（例如，地球上缺水的地区）。 将冰山拖到缺水地区的可行性研究在很大程度上被视为科幻小说。尽管如此，由于自然过程，板状冰山通常会移动数千英里，如果了解这些过程，也许可以利用它们为人类带来经济和社会价值。 我们建议直接测量冰山B15a，B15b和较小冰山（B16，B17或B18，视情况而定）的漂移：1。观测约束参数，将改善冰山漂移的模型，例如，通过确定适合于大气和海洋相互作用的阻力系数，包括海冰引起的阻力，提高我们预测冰解事件和随后的冰山漂移的能力。补充正在进行的冰山及其行为的遥感研究4。最后一点反映了这样一个事实，即对B15未来几年漂移的兴趣不仅限于基础科学领域。可以想象，B15及其后代（它现在分成两部分，并导致罗斯冰架上较小的冰山崩解）对往返美国南极洲主要研究和物流站的正常运输构成了复杂性。 虽然这一提议代表了几个研究机构的几名研究人员的广泛科学兴趣，但其重点是狭窄的。需要支持组装和部署仪器，以观察天气状况和B15的漂移情况。