Time and Interdependence: Accounting for Pace

时间和相互依赖性：考虑节奏

• 批准号: 0095924
• 负责人: Sally Blount
• 金额: $ 17.87万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-08-01 至 2005-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0095924&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Time; Interdependence; Accounting; Pace

This research project concerns how time is valued in social interaction. Our approach is based on three premises: (1) We argue that emotion is critical to temporal evaluation in social contexts. As research shows, people often get anxious in response to time compression, and people often experience anger in response to delays. (2) We argue that people place a value on the experience of flow and momentum across events -- people have pacing goals in social interaction. (3) We posit that people innately value feeling "in-pace" with others -- they have an "in-synch" preference. The degree to which this preference is met in interaction affects cognitive and emotional processing, as well as the actual outcomes and relationships that emerge through interaction. Thus, in our research, we predict that when feeling in-synch (that is, when people have the same pacing goals), people will experience the highest levels of satisfaction and function most effectively in interaction. When feeling out-of-synch, negative emotions will be triggered, cognitive functioning will falter, and diminished joint performance will be observed. We have designed four series of studies to test these propositions. When our research is complete, it will offer new insights (a) into how time is valued among social actors and (b) about group and organizational dynamics during times of turbulence and change.

这个研究项目关注的是时间在社会交往中的价值。我们的方法是基于三个前提：（1）我们认为，情绪是至关重要的时间评价在社会背景下。 正如研究所示，人们通常会对时间压缩感到焦虑，而人们通常会对延迟感到愤怒。 (2)我们认为，人们重视跨事件的流动和动力的体验--人们在社交互动中有节奏的目标。 (3)我们认为，人们天生重视与他人“步调一致”的感觉--他们有一种“同步”的偏好。 这种偏好在互动中得到满足的程度会影响认知和情感处理，以及通过互动出现的实际结果和关系。 因此，在我们的研究中，我们预测，当感觉同步时（即当人们有相同的步调目标时），人们将体验到最高水平的满意度，并在互动中最有效地发挥作用。 当感觉不同步时，负面情绪会被触发，认知功能会动摇，并且会观察到关节性能下降。我们设计了四个系列的研究来验证这些命题。当我们的研究完成后，它将提供新的见解（a）如何在社会行动者之间的时间价值和（B）在动荡和变化的时期群体和组织的动态。