Case Studies and Tsunami Community Model for Underwater Landslide Tsunamis

水下滑坡海啸案例研究和海啸社区模型

• 批准号: 0100223
• 负责人: Stephan Grilli
• 金额: $ 20.46万
• 依托单位: University of Rhode Island
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-15 至 2004-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0100223&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Case; Studies; Tsunami; Community; Model

Underwater landslides have generated several local tsunamis reaching at least 30 meters in elevation this century -- most recently on Flores Island, Indonesia in 1992. In addition, these events typically occur close to shore and offer very little time for warning, and can be devastating to nearby coastal development. Underwater landslides often pose the greatest local tsunami hazard.Tsunamis generated by underwater landslides are governed by at least six fundamental parameters, which are functions of landslide geometry and kinematics. In addition, nonlinear interactions may occur between waves, shoreline, and landslide. Consequently, predicting landslide tsunami amplitudes requires sophisticated numerical methods.The PIs have developed an accurate and efficient model of inviscid, irrotational, fluid dynamics during tsunami generation, based on a Boundary Element Method (BEM). A three-dimensional (3D) version, the ''Tsunami Open and Progressive Initial Conditions System'' (TOPICS) is an analytical tool that provides estimates of tsunami features and initial conditions. The source code is distributed freely to academic, nonprofit, and government researchers, in order to facilitate tsunami hazard assessment within the tsunami community (see: www.tsunamicommunity.org).This action is to support research to refine the effects of landslide shape, motion, and deformation, on tsunami generation, describing three-dimensional effects during tsunami generation, coupling tsunami generation and propagation models, validating these numerical methods with experiments and actual case studies, and producing more accurate versions of TOPICS for the tsunami community. The fundamental goal is to predict accurate tsunami source features.

水下山体滑坡在本世纪已经引发了几次局部海啸，海啸高度至少达到30米--最近一次是1992年在印度尼西亚的弗洛雷斯岛。 此外，这些事件通常发生在靠近海岸的地方，几乎没有时间发出警报，并且可能对附近的沿海开发造成破坏。 水下滑坡往往是当地最大的海啸灾害，由水下滑坡引发的海啸至少由六个基本参数控制，这些参数是滑坡几何学和运动学的函数。 此外，波浪、海岸线和滑坡之间可能发生非线性相互作用。 因此，预测滑坡海啸的振幅需要复杂的数值方法。PI已经开发了一个准确有效的模型，在海啸生成过程中的无粘，无旋，流体动力学，基于边界元法（BEM）。 一个三维（3D）版本，“海啸开放和渐进初始条件系统”（TOPICS）是一个分析工具，提供海啸特征和初始条件的估计。 源代码免费分发给学术、非营利和政府研究人员，以促进海啸社区内的海啸灾害评估（见：www.tsunamicommunity.org）。这一行动是为了支持研究，以细化滑坡形状、运动和变形对海啸生成的影响，描述海啸生成期间的三维效应，耦合海啸生成和传播模型，通过实验和实际案例研究验证这些数值方法，并为海啸社区制作更准确的TOPICS版本。 基本目标是准确预测海啸源特征。