Electrodynamics of Electron Liquids and Electron Glasses

电子液体和电子玻璃的电动力学

• 批准号: 0102405
• 负责人: George Gruner
• 金额: $ 36万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-11-01 至 2004-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0102405&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Electrodynamics; Electron; Liquids; Glasses

This individual investigator award will support an experimental project focusing on the low energy electrodynamics of novel materials with strong electron-electron interactions, disorder and reduced dimensionality. The materials to be investigated include: a) metals such as NbSi where the interplay of interactions and disorder leads to a metal-insulator transition and to a nonmetallic state, where quantum effects and randomness is essential; b) molecular nanowires, strictly one-dimensional chains of atoms such as Mo6Se6 where electron-electron interactions and/or disorder lead to a Luttinger Liquid in case of interactions, and an Anderson-Mott localized state in case of disorder; and c) metals such as UPt3 where electron-electron interactions are strong, the so-called heavy fermion systems. In the latter materials, magnetic correlations may place the materials close to a magnetic instability, which could be viewed as a Quantum Critical Point. In all cases the primary interest will be the so called quantum limit where the energy associated with the electromagnetic field is larger that the thermal energy, a region of the parameter space which has not been explored by experiments to date. The graduate students and post docs working on this project will receive excellent training that will prepare them for future careers in academia, industry, or government laboratories.%%%Electrons in materials can, just like atoms, assume an electron liquid, electron solid and electron glass state. In contrast to atomic arrangements, such states are more difficult to achieve and at the same time quantum effects play a more prominent role in most of the properties of such collective electron states. Because of the electronic charge, such states strongly interact with electromagnetic radiation, thus optical studies lead to fundamental information about such states. At the same time, development of such states lead to materials with unique, novel optical and electromagnetic characteristics. Typically the response to such radiation occurs at frequencies below the optical spectral range, at microwave, millimeter and sub-millimeter wave frequencies. This individual investigator award provides support to an experimental program that will explore the various electron states of matter, by developing new instrumentation and also by conducting novel type of experiments in the frequency ranges mentioned above on materials where such electron states occur. The graduate students and post docs working on this project will receive excellent training that will prepare them for future careers in academia, industry, or government laboratories.

这一个人研究人员奖将支持一个实验项目，该项目专注于具有强电子-电子相互作用、无序和降维的新材料的低能电动力学。要研究的材料包括：a)金属，如NbSi，其相互作用和无序导致金属-绝缘体转变和非金属状态，其中量子效应和随机性是必不可少的；b)分子纳米线，严格的一维原子链，如Mo6Se6，其中电子-电子相互作用和/或无序在相互作用时导致Luttinger液体，在无序情况下导致Anderson-Mott局域态；以及c)金属，如UPt3，电子-电子相互作用强烈，即所谓的重费米子系统。在后一种材料中，磁关联可能使材料接近磁不稳定性，这可以被视为量子临界点。在所有情况下，主要的兴趣将是所谓的量子极限，即与电磁场相关的能量大于热能，这是参数空间中迄今尚未被实验探索的区域。从事这一项目的研究生和博士后将接受出色的培训，为他们未来在学术界、工业或政府实验室的职业生涯做好准备。材料中的电子可以像原子一样，呈现电子液体、电子固体和电子玻璃状态。与原子排列相比，这样的态更难实现，同时量子效应在这种集体电子态的大多数性质中扮演着更突出的角色。由于电荷的存在，这些态与电磁辐射发生了强烈的相互作用，因此光学研究提供了关于这些态的基本信息。与此同时，这种状态的发展导致了具有独特的、新颖的光学和电磁特性的材料。通常，对这种辐射的响应发生在低于光学光谱范围的频率、微波、毫米波和亚毫米波频率。这一个人研究人员奖为探索物质的各种电子态的实验计划提供了支持，方法是开发新的仪器，并在出现电子态的材料上进行上述频率范围内的新颖类型的实验。从事该项目的研究生和博士后将接受出色的培训，为他们未来在学术界、工业界或政府实验室的职业生涯做好准备。