Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology

生物光子科学技术中心

• 批准号: 0120999
• 负责人: Dennis Matthews
• 金额: $ 2392.82万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-01 至 2013-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0120999&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Center; Biophotonics; Science; Technology

Biophotonics is the science of generating and using light and other forms of radiant energy whose quantum unit is the photon for visualization, measurements, analysis, and manipulation of biological materials. The discipline strives to exploit the high spatial resolution, sensitivity, and spectral specificity of photonics to understand and affect biological structure and/or function. The Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology (CBST), an NSF Science and Technology Center, is a multi-disciplinary and multi-institutional activity designed to support a goal-directed, sustained effort to broadly advance the science of biophotonics. Center activities are spread over four university campuses, UC Davis, UC San Francisco, UC Berkeley, and Stanford University, and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The CBST emphasizes vertical integration of knowledge and applications that span the intellectual landscape, from creating new instrumentation and techniques to helping understand molecular mechanisms to providing technology that will enable the creation and development of important new biomedical tools. Research at the Center is divided among four strategic thrust areas: 1) biomolecular mechanisms; 2) imaging and diagnostics; 3) computational biophotonics; and 4) biomedical applications. The area of biomolecular mechanisms concentrates on experiments and tools related to the newly emerging field of single molecule imaging and detection, methodologies that are used in individual projects to investigate on a sub-cellular level molecular mechanisms related to DNA-protein interactions. The area of imaging and diagnostics focuses on the development of new instruments for a number of imaging methodologies, including ultra-high resolution optical microscopy, imaging non-linear optical properties of tissues, optical interference imaging through otherwise opaque tissue, and imaging tissue oxygenation by NIR imaging. Computational biophotonics focuses on the application of new simulation codes and supercomputers to support the projects in areas one and two and, in general, increase the understanding of photonic transport in and interaction with tissue. The area of biomedical applications focuses on optimizing and applying existing technologies to significant medical problems, including hyperspectral microscopy for searching for new optical signatures of disease, development of new, light-activated materials for surgical applications, and the utilization of x-ray sources for protein crystallography and live cell imaging. The centerpiece of the educational activity is the development of a series of six teaching modules, or "stepping stones," that bring the concepts of light, biology, and biophotonics to students from kindergarten (Step One, K-3) through graduate and post-doctoral research (Step Six). Central to the concept of the "stepping stones" approach is that the modules emphasize hands-on science activities promoting scientific inquiry and concept development. The "stepping stones modules" are disseminated widely to schools in the community through various mechanisms, among them the MESA and 4-H Youth Development Program. The Center has a strong, collaborative program for fostering outreach to and participation by non-center researchers in research activities. An Industry Partners Consortium (IPC) is used to bring interested members from industry together with CBST participants for the purpose of knowledge exchange, collaborative research, and the direct transfer of intellectual property and technology know-how to the commercial sector.

生物光子学是产生和使用光和其他形式的辐射能的科学，其量子单位是光子，用于生物材料的可视化，测量，分析和操纵。 该学科致力于利用光子学的高空间分辨率，灵敏度和光谱特异性来理解和影响生物结构和/或功能。生物光子学科学与技术中心（CBST）是NSF的一个科学与技术中心，是一个多学科和多机构的活动，旨在支持目标导向的，持续的努力，以广泛推进生物光子学科学。 中心的活动遍布四个大学校园，加州大学戴维斯分校，加州大学旧金山弗朗西斯科，加州大学伯克利分校，斯坦福大学和劳伦斯利弗莫尔国家实验室。 CBST强调知识和应用的垂直整合，从创建新的仪器和技术到帮助理解分子机制，再到提供能够创建和开发重要的新生物医学工具的技术。 该中心的研究分为四个战略重点领域：1）生物分子机制; 2）成像和诊断; 3）计算生物光子学; 4）生物医学应用。 生物分子机制的领域集中在与单分子成像和检测的新兴领域相关的实验和工具，在单个项目中使用的方法，以研究与DNA-蛋白质相互作用相关的亚细胞水平分子机制。 成像和诊断领域的重点是开发用于许多成像方法的新仪器，包括超高分辨率光学显微镜，组织的非线性光学特性成像，通过其他不透明组织的光学干涉成像，以及通过NIR成像对组织氧合进行成像。 计算生物光子学侧重于新的模拟代码和超级计算机的应用，以支持第一和第二领域的项目，并在一般情况下，增加光子传输的理解和与组织的相互作用。 生物医学应用领域的重点是优化现有技术并将其应用于重大医学问题，包括用于寻找疾病新光学特征的高光谱显微镜、开发用于外科应用的新型光激活材料以及利用X射线源进行蛋白质结晶学和活细胞成像。教育活动的核心是开发一系列六个教学模块，或“垫脚石”，将光，生物学和生物光子学的概念从幼儿园（第一步，K-3）到研究生和博士后研究（第六步）。“垫脚石”方法概念的核心是，这些单元强调促进科学探究和概念发展的实践科学活动。 “垫脚石模块”通过各种机制，其中包括梅萨和4-H青年发展方案，向社区学校广泛传播。 该中心有一个强大的，合作计划，以促进推广和参与非中心研究人员在研究活动。 工业合作伙伴联盟（IPC）用于将工业界感兴趣的成员与CBST参与者聚集在一起，以进行知识交流，合作研究以及将知识产权和技术诀窍直接转让给商业部门。