Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: The Production of Architectural Artifacts: An Analysis of Cliff-Dwellings in the Northern Sierra, Sonora, Mexico

在帕特里夏·克朗博士的指导下，伊丽莎白·巴格韦尔女士将为她的博士论文收集数据。 她将指导一群经验丰富的志愿者在沿着墨西哥索诺拉州和奇瓦瓦州边境的西马德雷山脉的四个悬崖住宅进行密集的建筑记录。这些5到20个房间的土坯建筑被认为是与东部40公里的卡萨斯格兰德（或帕奎梅）地区中心同时存在的，其历史可以追溯到公元前2000年。公元1100-1475年。 巴格韦尔女士将考察这些遗址，以确定建筑的生产是如何在墨西哥北方的史前社会中组织起来的。虽然全职的建筑专家可能需要建造金字塔和宫殿，但在阿兹特克等更复杂的社会中，考古学家对专家在普通人日常房屋建设中的作用知之甚少。 对建筑的技术分析是确定专家是否帮助建造这些建筑的一种方法。 由专业人士建造的建筑物应该比非专业人士建造的建筑物更加统一。原材料组成，制造技术和计划建设一个以上的结构在同一时间已与建筑专家。因此，这项工作将比较这些属性和他们的生产随着时间的推移。通过时间来获得对建筑生产的精细理解的一种方法是使用树木年轮测年，这是一种使用树木中粗细年轮模式的技术，就像条形码一样，可以确定树木死亡的年份以及建筑物建造的年份。 从树木年轮中获得的时间信息将与技术数据相结合，以创建建筑历史和定居点增长模式。最终，如果确定了统一的属性，它们将被解释为史前建筑专家的证据。 巴格韦尔女士的研究将有助于理解建筑生产在非国家社会中的组织方式。它还将扩大我们对墨西哥北方知之甚少的了解，并建立这些遗址与其他当代群体，如霍霍坎人、卡萨斯格兰德人、里奥索诺拉人和阿尼马斯人之间的关系。最后，这项研究将向建立该地区急需的年表迈进一步。

Under the direction of Dr. Patricia Crown, MS Elizabeth Bagwell will collect data for her doctoral dissertation. She will direct a crew of experienced volunteers in intensive architectural recording at four cliff-dwellings located in the Sierra Madre Occidental along the border between the states of Sonora and Chihuahua, Mexico. These five to twenty room adobe buildings are believed to be contemporaneous with the regional center of Casas Grandes (or Paquime) 40 km to the east, which dates to ca. A.D. 1100-1475. MS Bagwell will examine these sites to determine how the production of architecture was organized among prehistoric societies in Northern Mexico. While full-time building specialists were probably necessary to build the pyramids and palaces common in more complex societies like the Aztecs, archaeologists know very little about the role of specialists in the every-day construction of the homes of the common people. A technological analysis of architecture is one way to determine if specialists helped produce these buildings. Buildings built by specialists should be more uniform than those built by non-specialists. Raw material composition, manufacturing techniques and planned construction of more than one structure at a time has been associated with architectural specialists. Therefore this work will compare these attributes and their production through time. One way of gaining a fine-grained understanding of architectural production through time is with tree-ring dating, a technique that uses the pattern of thick and thin growth rings in a tree, much like a bar code, to determine the year that the tree died and by association the year that the structure was built. Temporal information resulting from tree-rings will be combined with technological data to create construction histories and settlement growth patterns. Ultimately, if uniform attributes are identified, they will be interpreted as evidence of prehistoric architectural specialists. MS Bagwell's research will contribute to the understanding of the way architectural production was organized in non-state societies. It will also expand our knowledge of a poorly understood Northern Mexico and establish the relationship between these sites and other contemporary groups such as the Hohokam, Casas Grandes, Rio Sonora and Animas. Finally, this research will move one step closer to establishing a badly needed chronology for the region.