Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: Shared Knowledge, Practice and Identity in Semi-Sedentary Populations

半定居群体通常生活在更复杂社会的边缘，通过各种机制与这些群体互动，包括交流和冲突。在这种边界情况下，半定居群体可能会强调或掩盖其身份的某些方面，以促进跨边界的移动和互动。新墨西哥大学的Patricia Crown博士和Jacqueline Kocer小姐将进行考古研究，以了解位于更复杂社会边缘的半定居群体是如何协商这些社会边界的，特别是在持续暴力的环境中。这项研究与理解“外来”群体如何操纵符号，试图融入或抵制融入一个更强大的社会有关。该研究还考察了边境地区各群体之间的凝聚力水平，以及它们如何联合起来或分裂。这一广阔的视角可以为今天美国用于改善边境暴力的政策和战略提供信息。该项目提供了教育机会，包括共同负责人，她是西班牙裔和美洲原住民血统的女科学家，以及来自新墨西哥大学的类似血统的本科生，她将协助实验室分析。研究结果将通过讲座、博物馆展览、新墨西哥大学人类学网站上的博客与公众分享，并通过出版物与科学界分享。该项目产生的所有数据将通过数字存储库向公众提供。生活在分散定居点的半定居群体是否广泛地分享实践和知识？这些群体是否也强调共同的群体身份？当这样的群体生活在一个更复杂的社会政体的边缘时，他们会分享、借鉴或复制更复杂的邻居的做法吗？研究人员将通过实践社区和身份社区模型来评估群体间互动（村庄、区域或跨文化区域）和群体认同的程度。参与同一实践社区的小组共享学习背景，他们的“做事方式”是相似的。低可见性属性用于考察基于陶瓷生产序列中的共享知识和实践的实践社区的规模。高可见性属性将用于检查身份社区的规模，其中群体通过陶瓷设计通过共享符号来断言他们的身份。新墨西哥西北部的加里纳文化（公元1050-1300年）是研究这些问题的理想案例，因为他们构成了分散的、半定居的群体，与各个方面更复杂的社会政策接壤。他们创造了与邻居截然不同的文物，并生活在一个暴力程度很高的地区，从烧伤的建筑物和骨骼创伤可以看出。对加利纳地区六个地点的分析将确定接近群体边界如何影响社区凝聚力。该项目具有广泛的人类学意义，因为了解互动模式如何与共享知识和实践相关，对世界各地外围半久坐人群如何在多个尺度上互动具有重要意义。

Semi-sedentary groups often live on the peripheries of more complex societies, interacting with those groups through various mechanisms including exchange and conflict. The semi-sedentary groups may emphasize or mask aspects of their identities in such boundary situations to facilitate movement and interaction across the borders. Dr. Patricia Crown and Miss Jacqueline Kocer of the University of New Mexico will conduct archaeological research to understand how semi-sedentary groups located on the periphery of more complex societies negotiated these social boundaries, particularly in a setting of ongoing violence. This research is relevant to understanding how "alien" groups manipulate symbols and either try to blend or resist assimilation into a more powerful society. The study also examines the level of cohesion among groups along the borders and how they might band together or factionalize. This broad perspective can inform on United States policies and strategies used to ameliorate violence along the borders today. The project provides educational opportunities including the co-PI, who is a female scientist of Hispanic and Native American ancestry and undergraduates of similar heritage from the University of New Mexico, who will assist in laboratory analyses. Results will be shared with the public through lectures, a museum exhibit, a blog available through the UNM anthropology website, and with the scientific community through publication. All data generated from this project will be made available to the public through digital repositories.Do semi-sedentary groups living in dispersed settlements share practices and knowledge broadly? Do these groups also emphasize a shared group identity? When such groups live on the periphery of a more socially complex polity, do they share, borrow, or copy practices from their more complex neighbors? The researchers will evaluate the extent of intergroup interaction (village, zone, or across the culture area) and group identity through models of communities of practice and communities of identity. Groups participating in the same community of practice share a background of learning and their "ways of doing" are similar. Low visibility attributes are used to examine the scale of communities of practice based on shared knowledge and practice in the sequence of production for ceramics. High visibility attributes will be used to examine the scale of communities of identity, wherein groups asserted their identity with shared symbols through ceramic design. The Gallina culture (A.D. 1050-1300) of northwestern New Mexico is an ideal case study to examine these issues as they constituted disaggregated, semi-sedentary groups bordering the more socially complex polities on all sides. They created artifacts distinct from their neighbors and are lived in an area with high levels of violence evidenced by burned structures and skeletal trauma. Analysis from six sites from the Gallina area will determine how proximity to group boundaries affects community cohesion. This project is of broad anthropological significance because understanding how patterns of interaction are related to shared knowledge and practice has implications for how peripheral semi-sedentary groups interact at multiple scales throughout the world.