Laboratory Phonology Conference, Yale University, June, 2002

实验室音系学会议，耶鲁大学，2002 年 6 月

• 批准号: 0132005
• 负责人: Louis Goldstein
• 金额: $ 2.6万
• 依托单位: Haskins Laboratories, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-04-15 至 2003-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0132005&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Laboratory; Phonology; Conference; Yale; University

The National Science Foundation supports the Eighth Conference on Laboratory Phonology, which will be hosted jointly by the Yale University Linguistics Department and Haskins Laboratories. This conference will take place on the Yale campus in New Haven, CT, June 27-30, 2002. The study of the human capacity to communicate via speech has traditionally been carried out by separate groups of scientists, experimental and theoretical, with little communication between them. The experimental scientists examine the acoustical and physiological characteristics of the speech process, while the theoretical scientists study the ways that consonants and vowels pattern in the languages of the world. In the last 15 years, increased interaction between these groups has been spurred by a series of conferences on Laboratory Phonology, that seeks to relate language patterns more directly to the physical activities of talking. Research resulting from this cross-pollination has already had important implications for both basic science and applications such as speech disorders, developmental delays, and reading disabilities. The Eighth Conference on Laboratory Phonology will focus on differences among human languages, what those differences have to say about of the universal properties of human speech and language, and the nature of the biological specialization that underlies the universals. Much research has shown some specialization for human speech and language, but there is no agreement on its precise nature. In fact, two threads of recent research suggest conclusions in opposite directions. On the one hand, there is evidence that phonological universals have been shaped by the structure of the human vocal tract and the constraints of communicating through an aural channel, sugesting a vocal-aural specialization. On the other hand, there is evidence that manual (signed) languages share important properties with spoken languages, suggesting a more generic or abstract specialization. The conference will bring together leading scientists working on spoken languages with those working on signed languages. Their interaction should provide new insights into the human specialization for speech and language, spur new techniques for investigating both signed and spoken languages, and lead to new methods for teaching and learning signed and spoken languages that take advantage of their underlying similarities.

美国国家科学基金会支持第八届实验室音系学会议，该会议将由耶鲁大学语言学系和哈斯金斯实验室联合主办。这次会议将于 2002 年 6 月 27 日至 30 日在康涅狄格州纽黑文的耶鲁大学校园举行。人类通过言语进行交流的能力的研究传统上是由不同的实验和理论科学家小组进行的，他们之间很少进行交流。实验科学家研究语音过程的声学和生理特征，而理论科学家则研究世界语言中辅音和元音的模式方式。在过去 15 年里，一系列实验室音系学会议促进了这些群体之间的互动增加，这些会议旨在将语言模式与说话的身体活动更直接地联系起来。这种异花授粉产生的研究已经对基础科学和应用（例如言语障碍、发育迟缓和阅读障碍）产生了重要影响。第八届实验室音系学会议将重点讨论人类语言之间的差异、这些差异对人类语音和语言的普遍属性的影响，以及构成普遍性的生物专业化的本质。许多研究表明人类言语和语言具有一定的专业性，但对其精确性质尚未达成一致。事实上，最近研究的两条线索提出了相反方向的结论。一方面，有证据表明，语音共性是由人类声道的结构和通过听觉通道进行交流的限制所塑造的，这表明声音-听觉的专业化。另一方面，有证据表明，手写（手语）语言与口语语言具有相同的重要属性，表明其具有更通用或抽象的专业化。这次会议将汇集研究口语和手语的顶尖科学家。他们的互动应该为人类言语和语言的专业化提供新的见解，激发研究手语和口语的新技术，并带来利用手语和口语潜在相似性的教学和学习的新方法。