An Interdependence Theoretic Analysis of Behavioral Affirmation and the Michelangelo Phenomenon

行为肯定与米开朗基罗现象的相互依赖理论分析

• 批准号: 0132398
• 负责人: Caryl Rusbult
• 金额: $ 20.47万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-01 至 2005-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0132398&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Interdependence; Theoretic; Analysis; Behavioral; Affirmation

People pursue a variety of life goals, seeking to move closer to their "ideal selves" by succeeding professionally, acquiring material possessions, developing desirable dispositions and abilities, and improving their physical and spiritual selves. Such goal pursuits do not transpire in a vacuum. Human dispositions, motives, and behavioral tendencies are fashioned at least in part by interpersonal experience. Among the many forces that shape the self, few if any "sculptors" exert effects as powerful as those of our close partners. Such effects can vary from exceedingly positive to exceedingly negative: Some close partners help bring out the best in each other, supporting and promoting one another's goal pursuits, whereas others either fail to do so or bring out the worst in each other.This project identifies a process termed the "Michelangelo phenomenon," a congenial pattern of interdependence whereby close partners sculpt one another in such a manner as to bring each person closer to his or her ideal self. A key variable in this process is "partner affirmation," or the degree to which a partner's perceptions of and behavior toward the self are congruent with the self's ideal. Partner affirmation has been shown to be associated not only with greater personal growth (movement toward the ideal self) and enhanced personal well-being, but also with adjustment and vitality in ongoing relationships. This project explores several previously unexamined components of this phenomenon by continuing a longitudinal study of ongoing marital relationships.

人们追求各种各样的生活目标，通过在职业上取得成功，获得物质财富，发展令人满意的性格和能力，以及改善他们的身体和精神自我，来寻求更接近他们的“理想自我”。这样的目标追求不会在真空中流露。人类的性格、动机和行为倾向至少在一定程度上是由人际经验塑造的。在塑造自我的众多力量中，很少有“雕塑家”像我们亲密伙伴的雕塑家那样产生如此强大的影响。这些影响可以是非常积极的，也可以是非常消极的：一些亲密的伴侣帮助彼此发挥最好的一面，支持和促进对方的目标追求，而另一些人要么没有做到这一点，要么激发出对方最坏的一面。这个项目确定了一种被称为“米开朗基罗现象”的过程，即亲密伴侣以某种方式相互塑造，让每个人更接近他或她理想的自我。这一过程中的一个关键变量是“伴侣肯定”，即伴侣对自我的认知和行为与自我理想的一致性程度。事实证明，伴侣肯定不仅与更大的个人成长(迈向理想自我)和增强个人幸福感有关，还与正在进行的关系中的调整和活力有关。这个项目通过继续对持续的婚姻关系进行纵向研究，探索了这一现象的几个以前未被研究的组成部分。