Micron and Submicron Aerosol Transport in Representative Human Conducting Zones

代表性人类传导区的微米和亚微米气溶胶传输

• 批准号: 0201271
• 负责人: Clement Kleinstreuer
• 金额: $ 22.5万
• 依托单位: North Carolina State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-07-15 至 2005-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0201271&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Micron; Submicron; Aerosol; Transport; Representative

0201271KleinstreuerThe knowledge of detailed and accurate deposition of toxic particles in the human respiratory system is most important for toxicologists and regulatory agencies to use in evaluating possible health effects, especially in vulnerable population groups such as industrial workers, children, and the elderly. For drug aerosols, it is desirable to predict where and at what concentration the medicine reaches targeted lung areas. In this project an experimentally validated computer simulation model will be developed to predict and analyze micron and submicron aerosol transport in representative human conducting zones.Computer simulations and analyses of airflow, particle transport, and particle deposition such as to be made in this project are invaluable tools to provide answers to research problems in both toxic particles and aerosol areas. The computational fluid-particle dynamics studies to be conducted are most useful for: (a) quantitative exposure-dose-and-health-effect studies done by regulatory agencies; (b) hypotheses/effect testing, e.g., air-particle inlet conditions, airway geometry features, and particle characteristics; (c) comparison studies on particulate matter deposition in upper airways between people with respiratory diseases (i.e., partially occluded airways) and normal individuals; (d) the development of transient one-dimensional particle deposition models for whole-lung representations; as well as (e) for medical researchers interested in biological impact analyses of toxic or therapeutic aerosols; and (f) for the development of drug aerosol inhalers and subsequent lung site targeting or interest to manufacturers and pharmaceutical companies.Dissemination of results from the investigations will be made through peer-reviewed journal articles, review chapters, conference presentations, and fluid-particle flow visualizations to impact textbook writing, teaching, and learning.

0201271 Kleinstreuer详细而准确地了解有毒颗粒在人体呼吸系统中的沉积对于毒理学家和监管机构评估可能的健康影响至关重要，特别是在脆弱人群中，如产业工人，儿童和老年人。对于药物气溶胶，期望预测药物在何处以及以何种浓度到达目标肺区域。本计画将发展一个实验验证的电脑模拟模式，以预测及分析微米及次微米气溶胶在典型人类活动区域的传输，而本计画所进行的气流、粒子传输及粒子沉积的电脑模拟与分析，将是解决有毒粒子及气溶胶领域研究问题的宝贵工具。拟进行的计算流体-粒子动力学研究最适用于：（a）监管机构进行的定量剂量和健康效应研究;（B）假设/效应检验，例如，空气-颗粒入口条件、气道几何特征和颗粒特性;（c）对患有呼吸道疾病的人之间上气道中颗粒物质沉积的比较研究（即，部分阻塞的气道）和正常人;（d）为全肺表示法开发瞬时一维粒子沉积模型;以及（e）为对有毒或治疗性气溶胶的生物影响分析感兴趣的医学研究人员;和（f）用于药物气雾剂吸入器的开发以及随后的肺部部位靶向或制造商和制药公司的兴趣。调查将通过同行评审的期刊文章，审查章节，会议演示文稿，和流体粒子流可视化影响教科书的编写，教学和学习。