Collaborative Research: Quantifying Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from the Reactive Uptake of Isoprene-derived Epoxides to Submicron Aerosol Particles

合作研究：量化异戊二烯衍生环氧化物反应吸收至亚微米气溶胶颗粒的二次有机气溶胶形成

• 批准号: 1404573
• 负责人: Joel Thornton
• 金额: $ 37.5万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-11-15 至 2017-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1404573&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Quantifying; Secondary; Organic

In this project, funded by the Environmental Chemical Sciences program in the Division of Chemistry, Professor Joel A. Thornton of the University of Washington (UW) and Professors Jason D. Surratt and Avram Gold from the University of North Carolina (UNC) are studying a process by which emissions from terrestrial vegetation (e.g., deciduous trees) are converted to particulate matter (PM) mass in the atmosphere. PM is a major cause of reduced air quality, with negative impacts on human health, and also affects climate by scattering or absorbing sunlight or by altering the properties of clouds. Terrestrial vegetation emits large quantities (~500 teragrams C) of isoprene to the atmosphere each year. Once in the atmosphere, photochemical oxidation of isoprene leads to gas-phase epoxide intermediates. These epoxide byproducts are reactive in acidic solutions, and therefore uptake and reaction in atmospheric particles can produce soluble low-volatility organic compounds that remain in the particle phase thereby increasing PM. The broader impacts of this project include more accurate interpretations of PM source-apportionment and improved studies of aerosol-climate effects and air quality assessments. In addition, a key element of the project involves the training of highly skilled young scientists and engineers by involving undergraduate students, graduate students, and postdoctoral research fellows, and engaging the general public through a range of outreach activities.In this project, Professor Joel A. Thornton will lead a collaboration between UW and UNC to measure the key physico-chemical parameters governing reactivity, diffusion, and product formation of synthesized authentic standards of the predominant isoprene-derived epoxides in atmospherically realistic particles. The 100-500 nanometer sized particles will be mixtures of inorganic salts, liquid water, and organic matter, providing an advance over studies using bulk macroscopic solutions which cannot simulate the non-ideal, often super-saturated compositions of atmospheric particles, nor the morphologies of the reaction medium.

在这个由化学系环境化学科学项目资助的项目中，华盛顿大学（UW）的Joel a . Thornton教授和北卡罗来纳大学（UNC）的Jason D. Surratt教授和Avram Gold教授正在研究陆地植被（如落叶树）的排放物在大气中转化为颗粒物（PM）质量的过程。PM是空气质量下降的一个主要原因，对人类健康有负面影响，并且还通过散射或吸收阳光或改变云的性质来影响气候。陆地植被每年向大气排放大量的异戊二烯（~500太克）。一旦进入大气，异戊二烯的光化学氧化会产生气相环氧化物中间体。这些环氧化物副产物在酸性溶液中具有活性，因此在大气颗粒中的吸收和反应可以产生可溶的低挥发性有机化合物，这些有机化合物留在颗粒相，从而增加PM。该项目的更广泛影响包括更准确地解释PM源分配和改进气溶胶气候影响和空气质量评估的研究。此外，该项目的一个关键要素是通过本科生、研究生和博士后研究人员的参与，培养高技能的年轻科学家和工程师，并通过一系列外展活动吸引公众。在这个项目中，Joel a . Thornton教授将领导威斯康星大学和北卡罗来纳大学之间的合作，测量在大气真实粒子中主要异戊二烯衍生环氧化物的合成真实标准的反应性、扩散和产物形成的关键物理化学参数。100-500纳米大小的颗粒将是无机盐、液态水和有机物质的混合物，这比使用大块宏观溶液的研究提供了一个进步，这些溶液不能模拟非理想的、通常是过饱和的大气颗粒成分，也不能模拟反应介质的形态。