Studies of Supernovae and Supernova Remnants

超新星和超新星遗迹的研究

• 批准号: 0205808
• 负责人: Robert Kirshner
• 金额: $ 27.05万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-07-01 至 2006-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0205808&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Studies; Supernovae; Supernova; Remnants

PI KirshnerThis is a program of diligent observation and analysis of supernova explosions. The goalsare to understand the mechanisms by which stars explode, to assess the supernovacontribution to the heavy element enrichment of the Universe, and to use supernovaexplosions as tools for measuring the expansion history of the Universe. Many people haveembarked on finding supernovae, but these discoveries only lead to increased understanding when they are followed up. This group has been one of the most effective teams in the world at following supernovae -- in part because of the ideal instrumentation at Mount Hopkins . In the coming years, the 6.5 meter MMT will become available along with the extraordinary opportunities at the two Magellan telescopes in the southern hemisphere. They are also refurbishing the 1.3 meter former 2MASS survey telescope at Mount Hopkins to augment the world's supply of infrared data. The group has made excellent progress in using Type Ia supernovae as accurate tools to measure extragalactic distances. This leads to a measurement of the expansion rate of the Universe, an estimate for the age of the Universe, demonstration of time dilation at high redshift, a way to detect large scale flows, and gives the only direct evidence for an accelerating Universe. Supernova observations have revealed that 2/3 of the Universe is dark energy, of an as-yet undetermined type, a finding with deep resonances with fundamental physics.

PI Kirshner这是一个勤奋观察和分析超新星爆炸的计划。目标是了解恒星爆炸的机制，评估超新星爆炸对宇宙重元素富集的影响，并将超新星爆炸作为测量宇宙膨胀历史的工具。许多人已经开始寻找超新星，但这些发现只会导致更多的了解，当他们跟进。这个小组是世界上追踪超新星最有效的小组之一--部分原因是霍普金斯山的理想仪器。 在未来的几年里，6.5米的MMT将与南半球的两个麦哲伦望远镜的非凡机会一起沿着出现。他们还在整修霍普金斯山的1.3米前2 MASS巡天望远镜，以增加世界红外数据的供应。该小组在使用Ia型超新星作为测量河外距离的精确工具方面取得了巨大进展。这导致了对宇宙膨胀率的测量，对宇宙年龄的估计，在高红移时时间膨胀的演示，探测大尺度流动的方法，并给出了宇宙加速的唯一直接证据。超新星观测表明，宇宙的2/3是暗能量，是一种尚未确定的类型，这一发现与基础物理学有着深刻的共鸣。