A Search for Failed Supernovae and Other Observational Constraints on the Supernova Mechanism

寻找失败的超新星和超新星机制的其他观测限制

• 批准号: 1515876
• 负责人: Christopher Kochanek
• 金额: $ 30.99万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1515876&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Search; Failed; Supernovae; Other; Observational

The goal of this project is to better understand the final fatesof massive stars. At the end of their lives, all stars more thanroughly ten times the mass of our Sun build an iron core whichcollapses from the size of the Earth to the size of a city onceits mass exceeds a critical limit. In many cases this results in anluminous, supernova explosion, but there is increasing evidencethat this is not the only outcome. This work will (a) discoveror set useful constraints on the fraction of massive stars thatproduce a black hole without a supernova explosion; (b) clarifythe boundary between the least luminous supernova explosions and thevariability of massive stars that does not lead a supernova explosion; and (c)measure the properties of these stars just before their deaths,including pioneering studies of their variability. The projectwill advance our scientific understanding of these massive starswhile training the next generation of scientists.The research steps for a better understanding of the fates ofmassive stars include using unique, multifaceted observational andtheoretical approaches. The centerpiece is a project using thetwin 8.4m Large Binocular Telescope to monitor all the massiveevolved stars in 27 nearby star-forming galaxies. The primarygoals are to:(1) Discover or set interesting constraining limits on the fraction of core collapses that fail, producing a black hole without a supernova explosion;(2) Measure the properties of SN progenitors while pioneering studies of their variability and binarity;(3) Explore the boundary between the faintest SN and stellar outbursts, in particular by better understanding the nature of the SN "impostors" and the SN2008S class of dusty transients.While doing so, the project will advance the training of students andpost-docs and broaden the public's understanding and interest in science,aided by their fascination with stars and their complicated roads todeath.

这个项目的目标是更好地了解大质量恒星的最终命运。 在它们生命的尽头，所有质量超过太阳大约十倍的恒星都会形成一个铁核，一旦它的质量超过一个临界极限，它就会从地球的大小坍塌到一个城市的大小。 在许多情况下，这会导致发光的超新星爆炸，但越来越多的证据表明，这不是唯一的结果。 这项工作将（a）确定或设定有用的限制条件，限制在没有超新星爆炸的情况下产生黑洞的大质量恒星的比例;（B）澄清最不亮的超新星爆炸与不会导致超新星爆炸的大质量恒星的可变性之间的界限;（c）测量这些恒星在死亡之前的性质，包括对其可变性的开创性研究。 该项目在培养下一代科学家的同时，推进了我们对这些大质量恒星的科学理解。更好地理解大质量恒星命运的研究步骤包括使用独特的、多方面的观测和理论方法。该项目的核心是使用双8.4米大型双筒望远镜来监测附近27个恒星形成星系中所有经过进化的恒星。 主要目标是：（1）发现或设置有趣的约束限制 一部分核心崩溃失败，产生黑色的 （2）测量SN祖细胞的性质，同时开拓 （3）探索最暗SN与恒星的分界线 特别是通过更好地了解突发事件的性质， 在此过程中，该项目将促进学生和博士后的培训，并扩大公众对科学的理解和兴趣，这得益于他们对星星的迷恋和他们复杂的死亡之路。