SGER- Annotated Checklists for Fishes and Preparation of the Official List of Names in Ichthyology

SGER-鱼类注释清单和鱼类学官方名称清单的准备

• 批准号: 0208690
• 负责人: William Eschmeyer
• 金额: $ 7.49万
• 依托单位: California Academy of Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-06-01 至 2003-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0208690&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Annotated; Checklists; Fishes; Preparation

The field of Ichthyology (fishes) through previous NSF funding has accumulated a database of fish names and related information as the Catalog of Fishes (published in 1998 and on-line at http:www.calacademy.org/research); it is the most comprehensive informational database for any animal group. This database summarizes the information known for about 50,000 described species of fishes (more than all other vertebrates combined), of which about 30,000 are valid species. However, there are still many described species for which we do not know the status (valid species or a synonym or duplicate name), and new species of fishes continue to be described at a rate of about 300 per year. Ichthyology is changing, and many of the scientists of the 1950s-1980s are nearing the end of active careers. They have much information in files and accumulated unpublished data that can be published in annotated checklists - a summary of the knowledge for the groups of fishes that they have spent their career studying. Also, the naming of animal groups is directed by a "Code" to which all scientists worldwide use, and a new edition of the code taking effect in 2000 allows for the creation of a list of available names for a discipline and the purging of other names from further consideration. The present project has two goals: it will allow the Catalog of Fishes staff to work directly with specialists so that they can author annotated checklists for the groups for which they are the world specialist, and these will be published by the California Academy of Sciences and place on the www. Following this, the List of Available Names in Fishes will be assembled and placed on the www, and steps will be taken to have this list approved by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. The Catalog of Fishes staff will prepare the manuscripts for the specialists - the specialist's role will primarily be to edit and add information. The primary way information about animals and plants is organized is around scientific names provided by taxonomists. Traditional taxonomists, the monographers and revisers responsible for the major taxonomic advances over the past half-century are an aged group, many over 60 years of age. Many of them harbor a wealth of information in their heads and personal files on status of species, on type specimens (the original specimens used by the first author to describe the species), and related information. This project is therefore opportunistic. A preliminary survey of specialists revealed a strong and enthusiastic willingness to participate. The present project will be the first test cast of preparing a "List of Available Names" under provisions of the Code. Such lists will add stability to names. The checklists will consolidate our level of knowledge and at the same time reveal taxonomic and geographic areas in need of further investigation. This information on fishes is important for biodiversity studies, for molecular studies, for conservation needs, for commerce, and for a framework to house the accumulated knowledge about fishes.

鱼类学（鱼类）领域通过以前的国家科学基金会的资助已经积累了鱼类名称和相关信息的数据库，如鱼类目录（1998年出版，在线网址：www.calacademy.org/research）；它是任何动物群体最全面的信息数据库。该数据库总结了约5万种已描述鱼类的已知信息（比所有其他脊椎动物的总和还多），其中约3万种是有效物种。然而，仍有许多已被描述的物种，我们不知道它们的状况（有效物种或同义或重复名称），新的鱼类物种继续以每年约300种的速度被描述。鱼类学正在发生变化，许多20世纪50年代至80年代的科学家正接近其活跃职业生涯的终点。他们在文件中有很多信息，并积累了未发表的数据，这些数据可以在带注释的清单中发表——这是他们花了一生的时间研究的鱼类群体的知识总结。此外，动物类群的命名由全世界所有科学家使用的“规范”指导，2000年生效的新版规范允许为一个学科创建一个可用名称列表，并清除其他名称，不再进一步考虑。目前的项目有两个目标：它将允许《鱼类目录》的工作人员直接与专家合作，这样他们就可以为他们是世界专家的群体编写带注释的清单，这些清单将由加州科学院出版并放在网上。在此之后，将汇编《鱼类可用名称清单》并将其放在网上，并将采取步骤使该清单获得国际动物命名委员会的批准。《鱼类目录》的工作人员将为专家准备手稿，专家的主要作用是编辑和添加信息。动植物信息的主要组织方式是根据分类学家提供的学名。在过去的半个世纪里，对分类学的重大进展负有责任的传统分类学家、专著作者和修订者是一个年龄较大的群体，其中许多人已经60多岁了。他们中的许多人在他们的头脑和个人档案中藏有丰富的信息，包括物种的现状、模式标本（第一作者用来描述物种的原始标本）和相关信息。因此，这个项目是机会主义的。对专家的初步调查显示，他们有强烈而热情的参与意愿。本项目将是根据守则的规定编制“可用名称清单”的第一个试验项目。这样的列表将增加名字的稳定性。这些清单将巩固我们的知识水平，同时揭示需要进一步调查的分类和地理领域。这些关于鱼类的信息对于生物多样性研究、分子研究、保护需求、商业以及建立一个容纳鱼类积累知识的框架都很重要。