Fast Algorithms for 3D Cone-Beam Tomography

Bresler，Yoram0209203U的IllTomography，或从其来自各个方向的线积分的集合（称为其x射线变换）重建对象是众所周知的问题。也许最重要的是，它是大多数关键诊断成像模式的基础原理，包括X射线计算机断层扫描（CT），PET和SPECT，某些形式的MRI，以及新兴技术，如电阻抗断层扫描（EIT）和光学断层扫描。断层重建也广泛用于制造业的无损评价（NDE），最近已被提议用于机场旅客行李的安全筛查。层析成像也是许多其他问题的基本原理和应用在科学和工程从电子显微镜的亚细胞结构，通过地球物理勘探和环境监测，遥感合成孔径雷达（SAR）。 在锥束层析成像中，投影是由区域探测器使用在几个可能的轨迹之一上行进的发散射线源来获取的。它已经用于当前的PET和SPECT扫描仪以及NDE，并且因为它似乎是快速容积采集的唯一实用方法，它将成为下一代诊断CT扫描仪的基础。这将允许使用CT作为心脏成像的动态成像模式或用于医学中的实时手术指导，或作为制造业中的高通量NDE系统。

ABSTRACTBresler, Yoram0209203U of IllTomography, or the reconstruction of an object from a collection of its line integrals from various directions (known as its x-ray transform) is a well known problem. Perhaps most importantly, it is the principle underlying most of the key diagnostic imaging modalities including x-ray Computed Tomography (CT), PET and SPECT, certain forms of MRI, and emerging techniques such as electric impedance tomography (EIT) and optical tomography. Tomographic reconstruction is also widely used for nondestructive evaluation (NDE) in manufacturing, and has been recently proposed for safety screening of passenger luggage in airports. Tomography is also the fundamental principle in numerous other problems and applications in science and engineering from electron microscopy of subcellular structures through geophysical exploration and environmental monitoring, to remote sensing by synthetic aperture radar (SAR). In cone-beam tomography, projections are acquired by an area detector, using a source of divergent rays traveling on a one of several possible trajectories. It is already used in current PET and SPECT scanners and in NDE, and because it appears to be the only practical method for rapid volume acquisition, it will be the basis for the next generation of diagnostic CT scanners. This will allow to use CT as a dynamic imaging modality for cardiac imaging or for real-time surgical guidance in medicine, or as a high-throughput NDE system in manufacturing.