NIRT: Advanced Characterization Techniques In Optics for Nanostructures (ACTION)

NIRT：纳米结构光学先进表征技术 (ACTION)

• 批准号: 0210752
• 负责人: Selim Unlu
• 金额: $ 133.46万
• 依托单位: Trustees of Boston University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-10-01 至 2007-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0210752&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NIRT; Advanced; Characterization; Techniques; Optics

This proposal was received in response to Nanoscale Science and Engineering initiative, NSF 01-157, category NIRT. Recent advances have made it possible to assemble materials and components atom by atom, or molecule by molecule allowing for controlled fabrication of nanostructures with dimensions of from 3 to 100 nm. Compared to the behavior of isolated molecules or bulk materials, the behavior of nanostructures exhibit important physical properties not necessarily predictable from observations of either individual constituents or large ensembles. Predominant at the nanoscale are size confinement and quantum mechanical behavior observed in optical and electronic properties, as well as distinct elastic and/or mechanical features. The possibility of utilizing nanoscale behavior to enhance material properties and device functions beyond those that we currently consider feasible is widely anticipated. These new materials and devices herald a revolutionary age for science and technology, provided we can observe the detailed operation and discover and utilize the underlying principles. The developments in nanotechnology present an outstanding challenge to characterization (measurement) technology by requiring nm-scale 3-D measurement capabilities. While the technology for synthesis has rapidly advanced, optical characterization of nanostructures is still in its infancy. We will build on existing expertise and infrastructure at Boston University and University of Rochester and develop a toolbox of novel nano-optical characterization techniques to discover and understand the novel properties of nanostructures. The Nanoscale Interdisciplinary Research Team (NIRT) program in Advanced Characterization Techniques in Optics for Nanostructures (ACTION) will develop measurement methods to study and understand nanostructures. Solid immersion microscopy techniques combined with metal-tips will provide unprecedented resolution for spectroscopy of quantum dots and other semiconductor systems. The ultimate goal of the proposed program is to develop robust and efficient optical techniques at a spatial resolution on the order of 10 nm.Beyond building the required tools to investigate novel properties of nanostructures, we will apply these tools to help answer fundamental questions facing nanoscale researchers today. In the area of quantum information processing, we will investigate the experimentally inaccessible regime of closely coupled quantum dots, the coherence of excited states, and quantum dots in tunable microcavities; in the area nanomechanical systems, we will explore the detailed mechanisms of energy dissipation and phase noise in resonant nanostructures; in the area of nanophotonics, we will directly determine the local modal volumes of defect states in photonics bandgap structures and investigate the nanoscale origins of mode leakage; and in the area of ultrasonics, we will measure the elastic properties of solids at the nanoscale, exploring the high frequency regime of nanoscale stresses for the first time.

该提案是为了回应纳米级科学与工程倡议，NSF 01-157，类别NIRT。最近的进步使得通过原子组装材料和成分原子，或者通过分子组成分子，从而使纳米结构的受控制造为3至100 nm。与孤立的分子或散装材料的行为相比，纳米结构的行为表现出重要的物理特性，不一定可以从单个成分或大型组合的观察结果中预测。纳米级的主要是尺寸限制和在光学和电子特性中观察到的量子机械行为，以及不同的弹性和/或机械特征。人们普遍期待利用纳米级行为来增强材料特性和设备功能的可能性。这些新材料和设备预示了科学和技术的革命性时代，只要我们可以观察到详细的操作，并发现并利用了基本原则。纳米技术的发展通过需要NM尺度的3-D测量能力，对表征（测量）技术提出了杰出的挑战。虽然合成技术已经快速提高，但纳米结构的光学表征仍处于起步阶段。我们将基于波士顿大学和罗切斯特大学的现有专业知识和基础设施，并开发出一种新型纳米光学特征技术的工具箱，以发现和理解纳米结构的新型属性。纳米级纳米特征技术（ACTION）的纳米级跨学科研究团队（NIRT）计划将开发用于研究和理解纳米结构的测量方法。 固体浸入显微镜技术与金属尖端结合使用，将为量子点和其他半导体系统的光谱提供前所未有的分辨率。拟议程序的最终目标是通过空间分辨率开发出强大而有效的光学技术，以10 nm的订单为单位，以构建研究纳米结构的新型属性所需的工具，我们将应用这些工具来帮助回答今天纳米级研究人员面临的基本问题。在量子信息处理的区域中，我们将研究紧密耦合的量子点，激发态的连贯性和可调微腔中的量子点的实验性无法访问的状态；在该区域纳米力学系统中，我们将探讨谐振纳米结构中能量耗散和相位噪声的详细机制。在纳米光子学区域，我们将直接确定光子学带隙结构中缺陷状态的局部模态体积，并研究模式泄漏的纳米级起源。在超声波区域中，我们将首次探索纳米级应力的高频状态。