NIRT: Advanced Characterization Techniques In Optics for Nanostructures (ACTION)

NIRT：纳米结构光学先进表征技术 (ACTION)

• 批准号: 0210752
• 负责人: Selim Unlu
• 金额: $ 133.46万
• 依托单位: Trustees of Boston University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-10-01 至 2007-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0210752&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NIRT; Advanced; Characterization; Techniques; Optics

This proposal was received in response to Nanoscale Science and Engineering initiative, NSF 01-157, category NIRT. Recent advances have made it possible to assemble materials and components atom by atom, or molecule by molecule allowing for controlled fabrication of nanostructures with dimensions of from 3 to 100 nm. Compared to the behavior of isolated molecules or bulk materials, the behavior of nanostructures exhibit important physical properties not necessarily predictable from observations of either individual constituents or large ensembles. Predominant at the nanoscale are size confinement and quantum mechanical behavior observed in optical and electronic properties, as well as distinct elastic and/or mechanical features. The possibility of utilizing nanoscale behavior to enhance material properties and device functions beyond those that we currently consider feasible is widely anticipated. These new materials and devices herald a revolutionary age for science and technology, provided we can observe the detailed operation and discover and utilize the underlying principles. The developments in nanotechnology present an outstanding challenge to characterization (measurement) technology by requiring nm-scale 3-D measurement capabilities. While the technology for synthesis has rapidly advanced, optical characterization of nanostructures is still in its infancy. We will build on existing expertise and infrastructure at Boston University and University of Rochester and develop a toolbox of novel nano-optical characterization techniques to discover and understand the novel properties of nanostructures. The Nanoscale Interdisciplinary Research Team (NIRT) program in Advanced Characterization Techniques in Optics for Nanostructures (ACTION) will develop measurement methods to study and understand nanostructures. Solid immersion microscopy techniques combined with metal-tips will provide unprecedented resolution for spectroscopy of quantum dots and other semiconductor systems. The ultimate goal of the proposed program is to develop robust and efficient optical techniques at a spatial resolution on the order of 10 nm.Beyond building the required tools to investigate novel properties of nanostructures, we will apply these tools to help answer fundamental questions facing nanoscale researchers today. In the area of quantum information processing, we will investigate the experimentally inaccessible regime of closely coupled quantum dots, the coherence of excited states, and quantum dots in tunable microcavities; in the area nanomechanical systems, we will explore the detailed mechanisms of energy dissipation and phase noise in resonant nanostructures; in the area of nanophotonics, we will directly determine the local modal volumes of defect states in photonics bandgap structures and investigate the nanoscale origins of mode leakage; and in the area of ultrasonics, we will measure the elastic properties of solids at the nanoscale, exploring the high frequency regime of nanoscale stresses for the first time.

该提案是响应纳米科学与工程倡议，NSF 01-157，类别NIRT。最近的进展已经使得有可能逐个原子或逐个分子地组装材料和组件，从而允许可控地制造尺寸为3至100 nm的纳米结构。与孤立分子或块状材料的行为相比，纳米结构的行为表现出重要的物理性质，这些性质不一定可以从单个组分或大集合的观察中预测。在纳米尺度上占主导地位的是在光学和电子性质中观察到的尺寸限制和量子力学行为，以及独特的弹性和/或机械特征。利用纳米行为来增强材料性能和器件功能的可能性超出了我们目前认为可行的范围，这是广泛预期的。这些新材料和新器件预示着科学技术的革命时代，只要我们能够观察到详细的操作，发现并利用基本原理。纳米技术的发展提出了一个突出的挑战，表征（测量）技术，要求纳米尺度的3-D测量能力。虽然合成技术已经迅速发展，但纳米结构的光学表征仍处于起步阶段。我们将在波士顿大学和罗切斯特大学现有的专业知识和基础设施的基础上，开发一个新的纳米光学表征技术的工具箱，以发现和理解纳米结构的新特性。纳米级跨学科研究小组（NIRT）在光学纳米结构（行动）先进表征技术计划将开发测量方法来研究和理解纳米结构。 固体浸没显微镜技术与金属针尖相结合，将为量子点和其他半导体系统的光谱学提供前所未有的分辨率。该计划的最终目标是开发出空间分辨率为10 nm的强大而有效的光学技术，除了构建研究纳米结构新特性所需的工具外，我们还将应用这些工具来帮助回答当今纳米研究人员面临的基本问题。在量子信息处理领域，我们将研究紧密耦合量子点的实验无法实现的机制，激发态的相干性，以及可调谐微腔中的量子点;在纳米机械系统领域，我们将探索共振纳米结构中能量耗散和相位噪声的详细机制;在奈米光子学领域，我们将直接测定光子学能带结构中缺陷态的局域模体积，并探讨模式泄漏的奈米来源;在超声波领域，我们将测量纳米尺度下固体的弹性特性，首次探索纳米尺度应力的高频区域。