NIRT: Advanced Characterization Techniques In Optics for Nanostructures (ACTION)

NIRT：纳米结构光学先进表征技术 (ACTION)

• 批准号: 0210752
• 负责人: Selim Unlu
• 金额: $ 133.46万
• 依托单位: Trustees of Boston University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-10-01 至 2007-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0210752&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NIRT; Advanced; Characterization; Techniques; Optics

This proposal was received in response to Nanoscale Science and Engineering initiative, NSF 01-157, category NIRT. Recent advances have made it possible to assemble materials and components atom by atom, or molecule by molecule allowing for controlled fabrication of nanostructures with dimensions of from 3 to 100 nm. Compared to the behavior of isolated molecules or bulk materials, the behavior of nanostructures exhibit important physical properties not necessarily predictable from observations of either individual constituents or large ensembles. Predominant at the nanoscale are size confinement and quantum mechanical behavior observed in optical and electronic properties, as well as distinct elastic and/or mechanical features. The possibility of utilizing nanoscale behavior to enhance material properties and device functions beyond those that we currently consider feasible is widely anticipated. These new materials and devices herald a revolutionary age for science and technology, provided we can observe the detailed operation and discover and utilize the underlying principles. The developments in nanotechnology present an outstanding challenge to characterization (measurement) technology by requiring nm-scale 3-D measurement capabilities. While the technology for synthesis has rapidly advanced, optical characterization of nanostructures is still in its infancy. We will build on existing expertise and infrastructure at Boston University and University of Rochester and develop a toolbox of novel nano-optical characterization techniques to discover and understand the novel properties of nanostructures. The Nanoscale Interdisciplinary Research Team (NIRT) program in Advanced Characterization Techniques in Optics for Nanostructures (ACTION) will develop measurement methods to study and understand nanostructures. Solid immersion microscopy techniques combined with metal-tips will provide unprecedented resolution for spectroscopy of quantum dots and other semiconductor systems. The ultimate goal of the proposed program is to develop robust and efficient optical techniques at a spatial resolution on the order of 10 nm.Beyond building the required tools to investigate novel properties of nanostructures, we will apply these tools to help answer fundamental questions facing nanoscale researchers today. In the area of quantum information processing, we will investigate the experimentally inaccessible regime of closely coupled quantum dots, the coherence of excited states, and quantum dots in tunable microcavities; in the area nanomechanical systems, we will explore the detailed mechanisms of energy dissipation and phase noise in resonant nanostructures; in the area of nanophotonics, we will directly determine the local modal volumes of defect states in photonics bandgap structures and investigate the nanoscale origins of mode leakage; and in the area of ultrasonics, we will measure the elastic properties of solids at the nanoscale, exploring the high frequency regime of nanoscale stresses for the first time.

本提案是对NSF 01-157 NIRT类纳米科学与工程倡议的响应。最近的进展使得可以一个原子一个原子地组装材料和组件，或者一个分子一个分子地组装材料和组件，从而可以控制制造尺寸从3到100 nm的纳米结构。与孤立的分子或块状材料的行为相比，纳米结构的行为表现出重要的物理性质，无论是从单个成分的观察还是从大的整体观察，都不一定可以预测。在纳米尺度上，主要是在光学和电学性质中观察到的尺寸限制和量子力学行为，以及明显的弹性和/或力学特征。人们普遍预期，利用纳米行为来增强材料性能和设备功能的可能性超出了我们目前认为可行的范围。这些新材料和新装置预示着科学技术革命时代的到来，只要我们能观察到详细的操作并发现和利用潜在的原理。纳米技术的发展对表征(测量)技术提出了突出的挑战，需要纳米级的三维测量能力。虽然合成技术已经迅速发展，但纳米结构的光学表征仍处于初级阶段。我们将在波士顿大学和罗切斯特大学现有的专业知识和基础设施的基础上，开发一个新的纳米光学表征技术工具箱，以发现和了解纳米结构的新特性。纳米结构光学高级表征技术(ACTION)中的纳米尺度跨学科研究团队(NIRT)计划将开发测量方法来研究和理解纳米结构。固体浸没显微镜技术与金属针尖相结合，将为量子点和其他半导体系统的光谱提供前所未有的分辨率。该计划的最终目标是以10纳米量级的空间分辨率开发强大而高效的光学技术。在建立所需的工具来研究纳米结构的新特性之后，我们将应用这些工具来帮助回答当今纳米级研究人员面临的基本问题。在量子信息处理领域，我们将研究实验上紧密耦合的量子点的不可达区域，激发态的相干性，以及可调谐微腔中量子点的相干性；在纳米机械系统领域，我们将探索共振纳米结构中能量耗散和相位噪声的详细机制；在纳米光子学领域，我们将直接确定光子带隙结构中缺陷态的局部模体积，并研究模泄漏的纳米尺度来源；在超声波领域，我们将首次在纳米尺度测量固体的弹性性质，探索纳米级应力的高频区域。