GeoSoilEnviroCARS: A National Resource for Earth, Planetary and Environmental Science Research At the Advanced Photon Source

0217473 RUniversal GeoSoilEnviroCARS(GSECARS)是在阿贡国家实验室的高级光子源使用同步辐射进行地球科学前沿研究的国家用户设施。GSECARS为地球科学家提供了从这第三代同步辐射光源获得高亮度硬X射线的途径。在该设施进行的研究正在推动我们对地球材料的组成、结构和性质、它们所控制的过程以及生产它们的过程的了解。地球科学家需要的所有主要同步加速器分析技术都将用于地球科学问题：(1)使用金刚石顶压室的高压/高温结晶学和光谱学；(2)使用大容量压力机的高压/高温结晶学；(3)粉末、单晶和界面衍射；(4)非弹性X射线散射；(5)X射线吸收精细结构(XAFS)光谱分析；(6)X射线荧光微探针分析；以及(7)显微层析成像。APS和GSECARS的独特能力使得能够在与NSF-地球科学计划相关的研究领域进行开创性的实验。该项目将为以下方面提供资金：(1)支持GSECARS作为国家用户设施继续运行；(2)通过在波浪器光束线上同时运行两个实验站，并在弯曲磁铁光束线上完成第二个实验站，大大增加可用的波束时间；(3)开发和安装新的实验仪器，以扩大该设施的能力。将开发的主要新仪器包括：(1)用于波荡器光束线串联操作的X射线光学和屏蔽传输；(2)用于弯曲磁铁光束线新的侧站的光束线部件和衍射仪；(3)用于波动器光束线的高能单色仪；以及(4)在多顶锤压力机上进行变形实验的工具。我们的使命是提供一个研究环境，让用户在计划和进行实验以及分析数据方面获得专家帮助。这种协作操作模式允许同步辐射新手访问该设施，需要高素质的光束线科学家和技术人员组成的工作人员。***

0217473RiversGeoSoilEnviroCARS (GSECARS) is a national user facility for frontier research in the earth sciences using synchrotron radiation at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory. GSECARS provides earth scientists with access to the high-brilliance hard x-rays from this third-generation synchrotron light source. The research conducted at this facility is advancing our knowledge of the composition, structure and properties of earth materials, the processes they control, and the processes that produce them. All principal synchrotron-based analytical techniques in demand by earth scientists are being brought to bear on earth science problems: (1) high-pressure/high-temperature crystallography and spectroscopy using the diamond anvil cell; (2) high-pressure/high-temperature crystallography using the large-volume press; (3) powder, single crystal and interface diffraction; (4) inelastic x-ray scattering; (5) x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy; (6) x-ray fluorescence microprobe analysis; and (7) microtomography. The unique capabilities of the APS and GSECARS have allowed groundbreaking experiments to be conducted in research areas relevant to the NSF-Earth Science program. This project will provide funds to: (1) to support the continued operation of GSECARS as a national-user facility; (2) to increase significantly the available beamtime by enabling simultaneous operation of the two experimental stations on the undulator beamline and completion of a second station on the bending magnet beamline; and (3) to develop and implement new experimental instrumentation to extend the capabilities of the facility. Major new instrumentation to be developed includes: (1) x-ray optics and shielded transport for tandem operation on the undulator beamline; (2) beamline components and diffraction instrumentation for a new side-station on the bending magnet beamline; (3) a monochromator for use at high-energy on the undulator beamline; and (4) tooling for deformation experiments in the multi-anvil press. Our mission is to provide a research environment where users receive expert assistance in planning and conducting experiments, and in analyzing data. This collaborative mode of operation, which allows the facility to be accessible to synchrotron radiation novices, requires a staff of highly qualified beamline scientists and technical personnel. ***