LTER: Comparative Study of a Suite of Lakes in Wisconsin

LTER：威斯康星州一系列湖泊的比较研究

• 批准号: 0217533
• 负责人: Stephen Carpenter
• 金额: $ 672万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-11-01 至 2011-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0217533&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: LTER; Comparative; Study; Suite; Lakes

ABSTRACT (NTL Renewal)Lakes are conspicuous, ecologically important, and socially valued components of landscapes. Lakes collect water, energy, solutes and pollutants from the land and atmosphere, provide habitats and resources for organisms, and interact with diverse human activities. The North Temperate Lakes (NTL) Long-Term Ecological Research program aims to understand the ecology of lakes in relation to relevant atmospheric, geochemical, landscape and human processes. The overarching research question is how do biophysical setting, climate, and changing land use and cover interact to shape lake characteristics and dynamics over time (past, present, future)? NTL will address this question through five inter-related goals: (1) perceive long-term changes in the physical, chemical, and biological properties, of lake districts, (2) understand the drivers of temporal variability in lakes and lake districts, (3) understand the interaction of spatial processes with long-term change, (4) understand the causes and predictability of rapid extensive change in ecosystems, and (5) build a capacity to forecast the future ecology of lake districts.Patterns, processes, and interactions of lakes, landscapes and people will be examined at four spatial scales: individual lakes, small drainage systems with several lakes, entire lake districts, and the western Great Lakes region of North America. Temporally, scales from a fraction of a day to decades will be considered. NTL will use multiple approaches of long-term observation, comparison across ecosystems, experimental manipulations, and process modeling. In this proposal, decadal forecasts of ecosystem change are specifically addressed, which become the hypotheses for future long-term research. The interdisciplinary research group includes ecologists, hydrologists, climatologists, chemists, demographers, an economist, rural sociologists, and specialists in remote sensing and information management. The research should produce new conceptualizations of lake district dynamics, including new insights on the dynamics and impacts of invasive species, understanding of the role of spatial location of lakes in landscape dynamics, the reflexive interactions of human and ecological processes, and the interactive effects of geomorphic setting, climate and human activity on long-term change in lake districts. The understanding of integrated landscape-lake-social systems developed through the NTL program will be useful for decision making by individuals and institutions concerned with the future of the western Great Lakes region and the welfare of its residents.

摘要（NTL更新）湖泊是显着的，在生态上重要的，并且具有社会价值的景观组成部分。湖泊从土地和大气中收集水，能量，溶质和污染物，为生物提供栖息地和资源，并与多样化的人类活动相互作用。北部温带湖泊（NTL）长期生态研究计划旨在了解与相关大气，地球化学，景观和人类过程有关的湖泊生态。总体研究问题是，生物物理环境，气候以及不断变化的土地使用和覆盖如何随着时间的流逝（过去，现在，未来）塑造湖泊特征和动态？ NTL will address this question through five inter-related goals: (1) perceive long-term changes in the physical, chemical, and biological properties, of lake districts, (2) understand the drivers of temporal variability in lakes and lake districts, (3) understand the interaction of spatial processes with long-term change, (4) understand the causes and predictability of rapid extensive change in ecosystems, and (5) build a capacity to forecast the future ecology of lake地区。将以四个空间尺度检查湖泊，景观和人们的群落，过程和相互作用：单个湖泊，带几个湖泊的小型排水系统，整个湖区和北美西部大湖地区。从时间上讲，将考虑从一天到几十年的比例。 NTL将使用长期观察，生态系统比较，实验操作和过程建模的多种方法。在该提案中，专门讨论了生态系统变化的际预测，这成为未来长期研究的假设。跨学科研究小组包括生态学家，水文学家，气候学家，化学家，人口统计学家，经济学家，农村社会学家以及遥感和信息管理方面的专家。这项研究应产生湖区动态的新概念，包括对侵入性物种的动态和影响的新见解，了解湖泊在景观动态中的空间位置的作用，人类和生态过程的反思性相互作用，以及对湖区长期变化的地质环境和人类活动的互动效果。对通过NTL计划开发的综合景观湖泊社会系统的理解将对与西方大湖地区未来及其居民福利有关的个人和机构的决策有用。