Long-Term Ecological Research at the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest (LTER5)

H.J. 安德鲁斯实验森林 (LTER5) 的长期生态研究

• 批准号: 0218088
• 负责人: Barbara Bond
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-11-01 至 2010-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0218088&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Long; Term; Ecological; Research; H.J.

Harmon0218088The Andrews LTER program seeks to understand the long-term dynamics of forest and riverecosystems of the Pacific Northwest. The Central Question guiding Andrews LTER research is:How do land use, natural disturbances, and climate change affect three key sets ofecosystem services: carbon and nutrient dynamics, biodiversity, and hydrology? Theseecosystem services represent scientifically and socially important, tractable variables, and theirresponses are posited to represent different classes of ecosystem behavior at the landscape scale.Climate, land use, and natural disturbances are the major drivers of change in the PacificNorthwest region. The approach used to address this question will be multi-faceted involvingretrospective analysis, time series observations, experiments, and use of simulation models forsynthesis, extrapolation in time, and interpolation in space. The principal spatial scale ofinference for LTER studies is the Andrews Forest and adjacent upper Blue River watershed, anarea of 16,000 ha. Work associated with the LTER will be coordinated with studies aimed atregional questions. The principal temporal extent of proposed LTER studies spans the past 500yr and to several centuries projected into the future. This proposal represents the strategic plan ofactivities designed to advance science for individual disciplines, integration, and cross-sitecomparisons. Thus, the Andrews LTER is used as the core of a larger set of integrated studies.Essential long-term studies will be continued and others added to increase spatial andtemporal overlap of scales. The standard 5 LTER core activities will be addressed by work inseven component areas: (1) climate, (2) hydrology, (3) disturbance, (4) ecophysiology,(5) carbon and nutrient dynamics, (6) biodiversity, and (7) stream-forest interactions. In thisgrant cycle, studies continue to examine the interaction of the drivers of change and respondingprocesses and taxa, but the conceptual emphasis will be on temporal behavior, its causes, andits consequences for ecosystem change. We will examine temporal behavior over time scales ofdays to hundreds of years focusing on: (1) modulation, (2) temporal lags, (3) spatial coherence,(4) path dependence, (5) hysteresis, and (6) alternative stable states. Exploring these aspects oftemporal behavior help to address the Central Question by quantifying natural temporalvariability and providing insights into mechanisms that control processes. A major goal will beto test predictive rules (i.e., hypotheses) regulating temporal behaviors. Another focus ofsynthesis will be small watersheds, an important landscape unit providing opportunity forintegration of climatic, ecosystem, and hydrological processes as well as knowledge of temporaland spatial scaling. The ultimate goal in this integration is to create a spatially 3-dimensional(including subsurface and air flow) understanding of the temporal dynamics of the 3 states ofmatter involved in biogeochemical and hydrologic cycles within a watershed. Past experiments,long term records of climate, stream flow, nutrient exports, and vegetation change, as well asmodeling will enhance this integration effort. By understanding this key landscape unit, futurebroader-scale efforts will be strengthened.Andrews science and scientists continue to advance understanding and management offorests and streams of the Pacific Northwest through communication with students, teachers,policy makers, land managers, and the general public. Information management, an essentialactivity for both research and education, emphasizes ease of use, increased accessibility, andportability of many forms of information.

安德鲁斯LTER项目旨在了解太平洋西北地区森林和河流生态系统的长期动态。指导Andrews LTER研究的中心问题是：土地利用、自然干扰和气候变化如何影响三组关键的生态系统服务：碳和养分动态、生物多样性和水文学？这些生态系统服务代表着科学上和社会上重要的、易处理的变量，它们的响应被认为代表了景观尺度上不同类别的生态系统行为。气候、土地利用和自然干扰是太平洋西北地区变化的主要驱动因素。解决这一问题的方法将是多方面的，包括回顾分析、时间序列观察、实验和使用模拟模型进行综合、时间外推和空间内插。LTER研究的主要空间尺度是安德鲁斯森林及其邻近的蓝河上游流域，面积为16,000公顷。与长期热核实验堆有关的工作将与针对区域问题的研究协调。拟议的LTER研究的主要时间范围跨越了过去500年和预测到未来的几个世纪。这一建议代表了旨在促进个别学科、综合和跨地点比较的科学活动的战略计划。因此，安德鲁斯LTER被用作一组更大的综合研究的核心。必要的长期研究将继续进行，并增加其他研究，以增加尺度的空间和时间重叠。LTER的标准核心活动将在七个组成部分领域开展工作：(1)气候、(2)水文学、(3)干扰、(4)生态生理学、(5)碳和养分动态、(6)生物多样性和(7)溪流-森林相互作用。在这一赠款周期中，研究将继续研究变化驱动因素与响应过程和分类群之间的相互作用，但概念上的重点将放在时间行为、其原因及其对生态系统变化的后果上。我们将在几天到几百年的时间尺度上检查时间行为，重点放在：(1)调制，(2)时间滞后，(3)空间一致性，(4)路径依赖，(5)滞后，和(6)可选的稳定状态。探索时间行为的这些方面有助于通过量化自然的时间变异性和提供对控制过程的机制的洞察来解决中心问题。一个主要目标将是测试规范时间行为的预测规则(即假设)。综合的另一个重点将是小流域，这是一个重要的景观单元，提供了整合气候、生态系统和水文过程以及时间和空间尺度知识的机会。这一整合的最终目标是在空间上建立一个三维(包括地下和空气流动)的理解，了解流域内参与生物地球化学和水文循环的物质的三种状态的时间动力学。过去的实验、气候、水流、养分输出和植被变化的长期记录以及建模将加强这种整合努力。通过了解这一关键的景观单元，未来将加强更广泛的努力。安德鲁斯科学和科学家继续通过与学生、教师、政策制定者、土地管理人员和普通公众的沟通，促进对太平洋西北地区河流和河流的了解和管理。信息管理是研究和教育的一项基本活动，强调多种形式的信息的易用性、可获得性和便携性。