Impacts of Plantations of Exotic Forest Trees on Water Resources in Patagonia

巴塔哥尼亚种植外来林木对水资源的影响

• 批准号: 0316392
• 负责人: Barbara Bond
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-08-15 至 2007-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0316392&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Impacts; Plantations; Exotic; Forest; Trees

The government of Argentina has actively promoted establishment of forest plantations since 1999. The climate of the regions suitable for plantation forestry in Patagonia (southwest Argentina) is similar to the Pacific Northwest (PNW) of the United States; conifers from the PNW grow very well in Patagonia, and several PNW species, most notably ponderosa pine, are widely used in these plantations. These plantations offer many potential benefits to a country with a brutally damaged economy; at the same time they have the potential to cause profound environmental impacts. Research is urgently needed to maximize benefits and to understand, and hopefully mitigate, potential problems. This project will examine the potential impact of ponderosa pine plantations on water resources. This is critical in Patagonia, where water is a crucially limiting resource. Over a three-year period we will compare water utilization and water-use efficiency (the ratio of growth to water use) in exotic plantations and native vegetation by measuring sapflow (water movement through stems) and soil water depletion. We will also use hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in water of soils and plant stems to evaluate where water is extracted within the soil profile by exotic plantations and native vegetation. The project will develop a cooperative effort between scientists in Argentina and the U.S. in teaching and training students in environmental science. Support for this project also comes from CONICET, Argentina's equivalent of NSF.

自1999年以来，阿根廷政府积极推动建立人工林。巴塔哥尼亚（阿根廷西南部）适合种植林业的地区气候与美国太平洋西北地区（PNW）相似；PNW的针叶树在巴塔哥尼亚生长得很好，PNW的几种针叶树，尤其是黄松，在这些人工林中被广泛使用。这些种植园为这个经济严重受损的国家提供了许多潜在的好处；与此同时，它们有可能造成深远的环境影响。迫切需要进行研究，以最大限度地提高效益，并了解并希望减轻潜在的问题。本项目将研究黄松人工林对水资源的潜在影响。这在巴塔哥尼亚至关重要，因为水是一种至关重要的有限资源。在三年的时间里，我们将通过测量树流（通过茎的水分运动）和土壤水分消耗来比较外来人工林和原生植被的水分利用和水分利用效率（生长与水分利用的比率）。我们还将利用土壤和植物茎中水分的氢和氧同位素来评估外来种植园和原生植被在土壤剖面中提取水分的位置。该项目将发展阿根廷和美国科学家在环境科学教学和培训学生方面的合作。该项目也得到了CONICET的支持，CONICET相当于阿根廷的国家科学基金会。