ITR: Solutions for Exchange and Utilization of Geotechnical Information

题目：“岩土工程信息交换和利用的ITR解决方案”岩土工程信息描述了上层土壤沉积物（通常深达50米）的特征，我们的大多数民用基础设施（例如，建筑物，道路，桥梁，机场，港口和工厂）都位于其上。每年，在项目的实施过程中，包括由美国国家科学基金会（NSF）和许多其他地方、州和联邦机构赞助的项目，花费了巨大的努力和费用，产生了大量的岩土工程信息。这些项目的数据和结果通常以硬拷贝报告的形式发布，没有数字数据。此外，数据收集和处理的步骤是用常规方法记录下来的，这往往使审查、修改和应用数据变得困难甚至不可能。1998年，美国国家科学基金会在南加州大学（USC）举行了一次研讨会，明确地在研究人员和实践者之间建立了一个一致的共识，以便更好地交换岩土工程信息。如今，信息技术为岩土工程信息的收集、交换和利用提供了新的强大机会，这对于我们的民用基础设施来说是值得探索的。利用USC自1998年以来在多个IT项目中获得的经验，我们的研究创造了ITR方法来解决与岩土工程信息的收集、交换和利用相关的主要问题。该研究整合了不同的信息技术方法，从实验室和现场的数据生成到土木基础设施系统中工程师和规划人员的最终使用，对岩土工程信息进行了全面而完整的描述和利用。本研究的具体目标是：1。根据领域专家对选定岩土工程信息的知识定义通用数据结构。由岩土领域专家定义元数据，描述生成岩土信息的过程，包括为方便用户输入而开发的自动元数据收集。开发岩土信息的数据挖掘工具，并创建集成数据和元数据的QA/QC算法。该研究关注的是IT方法的发展，以使岩土工程信息对那些参与规划、设计、建造和维护我们的民用基础设施系统的人有用。研究过程中开发的工具和方法将在五个研究合作者的实际工作环境中进行测试，这些合作者分别是加州交通部（Caltrans）、洛杉矶水电局（LADWP）、加州地质调查局（CGS）、法国地质与矿业研究局（BRGM）和日本神户大学。预计在这项研究中开发的信息技术概念将有助于为将来由地方、州和联邦机构组成的财团操作的虚拟岩土工程信息储存库的创建铺平道路。这项研究将在许多方面使公众受益。它将向学生、研究人员和实践者传播岩土工程方面的信息。它将组织岩土工程信息，并为地方、州和联邦机构、大学和公司改进其档案和检索。它将产生一个信息平台，用于开发地震期间液化引起的横向扩散等自然灾害的大规模地理信息系统。它将促进工程方面的教育和研究，并促进研究人员和实践者之间的数据交换和合作。

CMS-0219463PI: Jean-Pierre BardetInstitution: University of Southern CaliforniaTitle: "ITR SOLUTIONS FOR EXCHANGE AND UTILIZATION OF GEOTECHNICAL INFORMATION"Geotechnical information describes the characteristics of upper soil deposits (typically down to a 50 m depth) on which rest most of our civil infrastructure (e.g., buildings, roads, bridges, airports, harbors, and factories). Each year, a large amount of geotechnical information is generated with great efforts and expense during the conduct of projects, including those sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF), and many other local, state, and federal agencies. The data and results of these projects are usually published as hardcopy reports, without digital data. In addition, the steps in data collection and processing are documented with conventional methods, making it often difficult even impossible to scrutinize, revise and apply data. An NSF workshop, held at the University of Southern California (USC) in 1998, clearly established a unanimous consensus among researchers and practitioners for a better exchange of geotechnical information. Nowadays Information Technologies (IT) unleashes new powerful opportunities for collecting, exchanging, and utilizing geotechnical information, which should be explored for the sake of our civil infrastructures.Capitalizing on the benefits from recent experiences gained during several IT projects carried out at USC since 1998, our research creates ITR methods for resolving major issues associated with the collection, exchange and utilization of geotechnical information. The research integrates different IT methods to produce a comprehensive and complete description and utilization of geotechnical information starting from the data generation in the laboratory and field to its end usage by engineers and planners involved in civil infrastructure systems. The specific objectives of the research are:1. Define versatile data structures based on the knowledge of domain experts on selected geotechnical information.2. Define metadata by geotechnical domain experts describing the processes generating geotechnical information, including development of automated metadata collection for facilitating user input.3. Develop data mining tools for geotechnical information, and creating QA/QC algorithms integrating data and metadata. The research is concerned with the development of IT methods for rendering geotechnical information usable to those involved with planning, designing, building, and maintaining our civil infrastructure systems. The tools and methods developed during the research will be tested in the realistic work environments of five research collaborators, namely the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (LADWP), the California Geological Survey (CGS), the Bureau of Research in Geology and Mines (BRGM) in France, and Kobe University in Japan. It is anticipated that the IT concepts developed in this research will contribute to pave the way to the creation of a virtual repository of geotechnical information to be operated in the future by a consortium of local, state and federal agencies.The research will benefit the public in many ways. It will disseminate geotechnical information to the students, researchers and practitioners. It will organize geotechnical information, and improve its archival and retrieval for local, state and federal agencies, universities, and companies. It will generate an information platform for the development of large-scale geographic information systems of natural hazards such as liquefaction-induced lateral spreads during earthquakes. It will promote education and research in engineering, and stimulate data exchange and collaboration among researchers and practitioners.