ADVANCED GEOTECHNICAL EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RECONNAISSANCE

高级岩土地震工程勘察

• 批准号: 0119344
• 负责人: Jean Pierre Bardet
• 金额: $ 2万
• 依托单位: University of Southern California
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-06-01 至 2004-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0119344&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ADVANCED; GEOTECHNICAL; EARTHQUAKE; ENGINEERING; RECONNAISSANCE

On January 26, 2001 at 8:46 AM (local time), a magnitude Mw 7.5 earthquake struck the Kachchh area in Gujarat, India. This is the most damaging earthquake in India in the last 50 years. The earthquake epicenter is located to the north of Bacchau about 160 miles (250 km) west of Ahmadabad, India or about 180 miles (290 km) southeast of Hyderabad, Pakistan. The epicenter was at N23.399 E70.316 and a depth of 23.6 km according to USGS. The earthquake damaged dams, ports and bridges, obliterated small villages in Gujarat, and caused damage to Ahmedabad, a large city 250 km away from the epicenter. As of 2 February 2001, the Department of Agriculture and Cooperation of the Indian Government reported more than 15,000 dead as the result of the earthquake. There are reports of ten of thousands of collapsed and damaged buildings, and a great number of people homeless. The January 26, 2001 earthquake took place in the Kachchh region, and appears to be an intraplate event with similarities with the 1811-1812 New Madrid sequence, which struck New Madrid, Missouri from December through January 1811-1812. First reports indicate that damage in Western India extends over large areas, as was observed in New Madrid, Missouri. The extent of casualties and damage and the similarities with existing conditions in the United States of America required the immediate dispatch of a NSF reconnaissance geotechnical team to document the geotechnical and engineering geology/seismology features of this earthquake.This project provides funding necessary for sending a small advanced reconnaissance team to the area damaged by the January 26, 2001, Bhuj, India earthquake, and for documenting the geotechnical, and engineering seismology features of the earthquake in as much detail as possible. The reconnaissance team will be sent to India as soon as the emergency rescue efforts have slowed down, and the means of transport have been reestablished. The advanced reconnaissance team will be coordinated by J.P. Bardet of the University of Southern California. The advanced reconnaissance team will be followed by a larger reconnaissance team coordinated by Raymond Seed of the University of California, Berkeley. This larger team will be supported by a separate SGER grant from the National Science Foundation. The proposed reconnaissance of this devastating earthquake is expected to yield useful information and data to understand the effects of large-scale intraplate events, and to apply those findings to the mitigation of similar earthquake hazards in mid-America.

2001年1月26日上午8时46分(当地时间)，印度古吉拉特邦卡其赫地区发生里氏7.5级地震。这是近50年来印度发生的最具破坏性的地震。地震震中位于印度艾哈迈达巴德以西约160英里(250公里)处的巴乔以北，或巴基斯坦海得拉巴东南约180英里(290公里)处。据美国地质调查局称，震中位于北纬23.399度，东经70.316度，震源深度23.6公里。地震摧毁了大坝、港口和桥梁，摧毁了古吉拉特邦的小村庄，并对距离震中250公里的大城市艾哈迈达巴德造成了破坏。截至2001年2月2日，印度政府农业与合作部报告说，地震造成15000多人死亡。据报道，有数以万计的建筑物倒塌和损坏，大量人无家可归。2001年1月26日的地震发生在Kachchh地区，似乎是一次板内事件，与1811-1812年12月至1811年至1812年1月在密苏里州新马德里发生的新马德里序列相似。最初的报告表明，印度西部的破坏蔓延到大片地区，就像在密苏里州的新马德里观察到的那样。鉴于伤亡和破坏的程度以及与美利坚合众国现有条件的相似之处，需要立即派遣国家科学基金会的勘察岩土小组记录这次地震的岩土和工程地质/地震学特征。该项目提供必要的资金，以便派遣一支小型的高级勘察小组前往2001年1月26日印度布吉地震受损的地区，并尽可能详细地记录地震的岩土和工程地震学特征。一旦紧急救援工作放慢速度，交通工具已经重建，侦察小组将被派往印度。先进的侦察小组将由南加州大学的J.P.Bardet协调。在先进的侦察小组之后，将有一个更大的侦察小组，由加州大学伯克利分校的雷蒙德·塞德协调。这个更大的团队将得到国家科学基金会另一笔SGER拨款的支持。对这场毁灭性地震的拟议勘察预计将产生有用的信息和数据，以了解大规模板内事件的影响，并将这些发现应用于减轻美国中部类似的地震灾害。