Uncultivated microorganisms and their domestication

未培养的微生物及其驯化

• 批准号: 0221267
• 负责人: Slava Epstein
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Northeastern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-01 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0221267&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Uncultivated; microorganisms; their; domestication

This research focuses on marine uncultivable microorganisms. The uncultivables represent one of the largest reservoirs of biological diversity in the ocean. The project will answer the following two questions: 1) what is the nature of uncultivability and why do the uncultivables not grow in the laboratory? and 2) how to change this and domesticate the uncultivables? Answering these questions is the long-term aim of the research and this project is a contribution towards this goal. With support from an NSF SGER, the PIs developed a novel approach for growing uncultivable microorganisms in pure culture in situ. The current research builds on these results and has the following objectives: Objective 1: to resolve the nature of uncultivability in selected microorganisms. Using their new technique, they isolated individual members of several consortia in pure culture in situ, and maintained their co-cultures in vitro. Using an array of fine chemical tools, the PIs plan to resolve the chemical nature of the interactions within these microbial synergisms. The PIs have designed the chemical analyses such that the objective will be achieved whether these microbial interactions are based on cross-feeding, removal of inhibitors, signaling, or other kinds of chemical exchange. Objective 2: to domesticate selected uncultivable microorganisms. Once the PIs have resolved the nature of chemical interactions between the members of microbial consortia, they plan to chemically mimic the presence of synergistic partners in Petri dish. The domestication process may prove highly specific to each microbe, or it may be applicable across a wider range of different microorganisms. Objective 3: to initiate a new culture collection of previously uncultivable microorganisms. The PIs see the detailed study of these "uncultivable" microorganisms as their long-term goal and, at this point, plan to make use of the newly isolated strains by building a new collection of novel microorganisms. The PIs plan to make this collection open to everyone so that their characterization will proceed in a timely manner. Broader impact of this research includes training of two graduate students, involvement of undergraduate students through work-study and honors programs, and data dissemination to the public at large through meetings with local residents.

本研究的重点是海洋不可培养的微生物。 不可养殖的海洋是海洋中生物多样性的最大宝库之一。 该项目将回答以下两个问题：1）不可培养性的本质是什么，为什么不可培养物不能在实验室中生长？2）如何改变这种状况，驯化不可栽培的作物？ 解决这些问题是研究的长期目标，本项目是对这一目标的贡献。 在NSF SGER的支持下，PI开发了一种在原位纯培养中培养不可培养微生物的新方法。 目前的研究建立在这些结果的基础上，并有以下目标：目标1：解决选定的微生物的不可培养性的性质。 利用他们的新技术，他们在原位纯培养中分离了几个聚生体的个体成员，并在体外保持了它们的共培养物。 使用一系列精细化学工具，PI计划解决这些微生物协同作用中相互作用的化学性质。 PI设计了化学分析，以便实现这些微生物相互作用是否基于交叉喂养，抑制剂的去除，信号或其他类型的化学交换的目标。 目标2：驯化选定的不可培养的微生物。一旦PI解决了微生物聚生体成员之间的化学相互作用的性质，他们计划在化学上模拟培养皿中协同合作伙伴的存在。 驯化过程可以证明对每种微生物具有高度特异性，或者它可以适用于更广泛的不同微生物。 目标3：开始一个新的培养收集以前无法培养的微生物。 PI将这些“不可培养”的微生物的详细研究视为他们的长期目标，并计划通过建立新的微生物集合来利用新分离的菌株。PI计划向所有人开放此集合，以便他们的表征将及时进行。 这项研究的更广泛的影响包括两个研究生的培训，通过勤工俭学和荣誉课程的本科生的参与，并通过与当地居民的会议向公众传播数据。