Tropical Biomass Fires and Tropospheric Chemistry

热带生物质火灾和对流层化学

• 批准号: 0228003
• 负责人: Robert Yokelson
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: University of Montana
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-12-15 至 2006-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0228003&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Tropical; Biomass; Fires; Tropospheric; Chemistry

This project addresses the chemical composition of emissions from biomass burning. Biomass burning is a major source of trace gases and particles. In particular, the following questions will be addressed: 1. What are the major reactive and stable initial emissions from tropical deforestation fires, biofuel use, and agricultural waste burning? 2. Smoke plumes are both an unusual environment and a globally significant source of reactive gases. What is the rate of the photochemistry in smoke plumes from tropical deforestation fires? 3. What are the effects of cloud processing on gases and particles in Brazilian smoke?Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic techniques will be used to measure nearly all the major reactive and stable trace gases in biomass burning smoke. Airborne FTIR will be installed on a Brazilian research aircraft along with instruments that measure particle emission factors, size distribution, absorption, and scattering, as well as gas phase composition, including volatile organic compounds, and hydroxyl radicals. Comprehensive airborne measurements of the emission factors for savanna fires, tropical deforestation fires, and pasture maintenance fires will be made in Brazil for several weeks during the 2003/4 burning season.

该项目涉及生物质燃烧排放物的化学组成。生物质燃烧是痕量气体和颗粒物的主要来源。具体而言，将讨论以下问题：1。热带森林砍伐火灾、生物燃料使用和农业废物燃烧产生的主要反应性和稳定初始排放量是什么？2.烟羽既是一种不寻常的环境，也是全球重要的反应气体来源。热带森林砍伐火灾产生的烟羽的光化学速率是多少？3.云处理对巴西烟雾中的气体和颗粒有什么影响？傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）技术将用于测量生物质燃烧烟气中几乎所有主要的活性和稳定的痕量气体。机载傅里叶变换红外光谱仪将沿着安装在巴西的一架研究飞机上，同时还将安装测量颗粒排放因子、粒度分布、吸收和散射以及气相成分（包括挥发性有机化合物和羟基）的仪器。在2003/4年燃烧季节期间，将在巴西对热带稀树草原火灾、热带森林砍伐火灾和牧场维护火灾的排放因素进行为期数周的全面空中测量。