Tropical Biomass Fires and Tropospheric Chemistry

该项目涉及生物质燃烧排放的化学成分。生物质燃烧是微量气体和颗粒的主要来源。特别是，将讨论以下问题：1.热带森林砍伐火灾、生物燃料使用和农业废物焚烧的主要反应性和稳定性初始排放是什么？2.烟羽既是一个不寻常的环境，也是一个全球重要的反应性气体来源。热带森林砍伐大火产生的烟柱中的光化学速率是多少？3.云处理对巴西烟雾中气体和颗粒的影响是什么？傅立叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱技术将被用来测量生物质燃烧烟雾中几乎所有主要的活性和稳定痕量气体。机载FTIR将安装在巴西的一架研究飞机上，以及测量颗粒发射系数、粒度分布、吸收和散射以及气相组成(包括挥发性有机化合物和羟基自由基)的仪器。在2003/4年度燃烧季节，巴西将对稀树草原火灾、热带森林砍伐火灾和牧场维护火灾的排放系数进行为期数周的综合航空测量。

This project addresses the chemical composition of emissions from biomass burning. Biomass burning is a major source of trace gases and particles. In particular, the following questions will be addressed: 1. What are the major reactive and stable initial emissions from tropical deforestation fires, biofuel use, and agricultural waste burning? 2. Smoke plumes are both an unusual environment and a globally significant source of reactive gases. What is the rate of the photochemistry in smoke plumes from tropical deforestation fires? 3. What are the effects of cloud processing on gases and particles in Brazilian smoke?Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic techniques will be used to measure nearly all the major reactive and stable trace gases in biomass burning smoke. Airborne FTIR will be installed on a Brazilian research aircraft along with instruments that measure particle emission factors, size distribution, absorption, and scattering, as well as gas phase composition, including volatile organic compounds, and hydroxyl radicals. Comprehensive airborne measurements of the emission factors for savanna fires, tropical deforestation fires, and pasture maintenance fires will be made in Brazil for several weeks during the 2003/4 burning season.