Spectroscopic Studies of Biomass Burning Emissions

生物质燃烧是一种有用的土地管理工具，是重要农业系统的关键组成部分，也是可再生能源的来源。生物质燃烧也是大气微量气体和颗粒的重要来源。这些排放物的初始特征和转换的不确定性是大气化学、辐射传输和全球气候变化模型中的一个主要限制因素。在这个项目中，将使用机载傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱仪来测量生物质燃烧烟雾中各种稳定和反应性排放。测量范围包括：二氧化碳、一氧化碳、甲烷、甲醛、2-羟基乙醇、甲醇、苯酚、冰醋酸、甲酸、二氧化硫、羰基硫化物、一氧化氮、二氧化氮、一氧化二氮、氨、氰化氢、乙烯、乙烷、乙炔、丙烯、异丁烯、单萜类、臭氧、水和颗粒态硝酸铵。这些测量将在2000年焚烧季节进行，作为非洲-欧洲-美国合作努力的南部非洲火灾研究倡议(Safari-2000)的一部分。这项研究将确定热带火灾初始排放物中含氧有机分子的浓度，并研究此类排放物如何影响烟羽的光化学。该项目还将涉及FTIR与使用实验室火灾的其他一些气体测量技术的相互比较。

Biomass burning is a useful land-management tool, a key component of important agricultural systems, and a source of renewable energy. Biomass burning is also a significant source of atmospheric trace gases and particles. Uncertainty in the initial characteristics and transformations of these emissions is a major limiting factor in models of atmospheric chemistry, radiative transfer, and global climate change. In this project, an airborne Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer will be used to measure a wide variety of stable and reactive emissions in biomass burning smoke. Measurements will include: carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, formaldehyde, 2-hydroxyethanal, methanol, phenol, acetic acid, formic acid, sulfur dioxide, carbonyl sulfide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrous oxide, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, ethene, ethane, ethyne, propene, isobutene, monoterpenes, ozone, water, and particle ammonium nitrate. These measurements will be made during the year 2000 burning season as part of the Southern Africa Fire Research Initiative (SAFARI-2000), an African-European-US collaborative effort. This study will determine the concentration of oxygenated organic molecules in the initial emissions from tropical fires, and examine how such emissions impact the photochemistry of smoke plumes. The project will also involve an intercomparison of the FTIR with a number of other gas measurement techniques using laboratory fires.