Advanced Characterization of Tropospheric Sources
对流层源的高级表征
基本信息
- 批准号:0936321
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 50.58万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2009
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2009-10-01 至 2015-09-30
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
This project will characterize the gas and particle phase semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) and the gas-phase volatile organic compounds (VOC) emitted by fires using a newly available, on-line, high resolution, high specificity, high sensitivity Proton-Transfer Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (PTR-TOF-MS). Many reactive SVOC and VOC will be identified and quantified than ever before to better characterize the overall chemical and physical properties of smoke, to better understand the major transformations observed in biomass burning plumes, and to improve photochemical models. Three main activities will be undertaken: (1) High quality simulations of important fire types in a large-scale biomass burning simulation facility maintained by the United States Forest Service (USFS). (2) Quantification of the changes in the VOC, and both the gas and particle phase SVOC, during the first 3 to 4 hours of biomass smoke aging in the University of California, Riverside atmospheric simulation chamber in conjunction with high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometry and many other measurements. (3) Installation in a mobile lab with other instruments for exploratory field measurements of the emissions from aircraft during take-off and landing as well as from vegetation, garbage burning, and geothermal sources. The project will lead to more accurate estimates of the emissions from one of Earth's largest sources of trace gases and particles, biomass burning. In particular, new data will be available for ozone and aerosol precursors, which are of great interest to atmospheric modelers and air quality officials. The experiments will measure the emissions of two important biomass burning tracers (hydrogen cyanide and acetonitrile) from the second and fourth largest types of biomass burning (cooking fires and crop residue fires, respectively). The tracers can be used for source apportionment, which can lead to improved air shed management. The chemical speciation, smoke evolution, and source attribution aspects are all relevant to public health, regional visibility, and climate. The project will support a graduate student who will carry out the measurements and will also explore the broader impact of the most significant new data within the framework of the GEOS-Chem global chemistry transport model. Collaborations will involve other institutions such as University of California, Riverside, Montana State University, the U.S. Geological Survey, and the U.S. Forest Service.
该项目将使用最新的在线、高分辨率、高特异性、高灵敏度质子转移飞行时间质谱仪(PTR-TOF-MS)表征火灾释放的气相和颗粒相半挥发性有机化合物(SVOC)和气相挥发性有机化合物(VOC)。许多活性挥发性有机化合物和挥发性有机化合物将比以往任何时候都被识别和量化,以更好地表征烟雾的整体化学和物理特性,更好地理解在生物质燃烧羽毛中观察到的主要转变,并改进光化学模型。将进行三项主要活动:(1)在美国林业局(USFS)维持的大型生物质燃烧模拟设施中进行重要火灾类型的高质量模拟。(2)在加州大学河滨分校大气模拟室中,结合高分辨率气溶胶质谱法和许多其他测量方法,量化了生物质烟雾老化前3至4小时VOC的变化,以及气体和颗粒相SVOC的变化。(3)在移动实验室安装其他仪器,对飞机起降、植被、垃圾燃烧、地热等排放进行实地探测测量。该项目将有助于更准确地估计地球上最大的微量气体和颗粒来源之一——生物质燃烧的排放量。特别是臭氧和气溶胶前体的新数据,这是大气建模者和空气质量官员非常感兴趣的。实验将测量两种重要的生物质燃烧示踪剂(氰化氢和乙腈)的排放量,这些示踪剂分别来自第二大和第四大类型的生物质燃烧(分别是烹饪火和作物残茬火)。示踪剂可以用于源分配,这可以导致改进的气棚管理。化学物质形态、烟雾演变和来源归因方面都与公共卫生、区域能见度和气候有关。该项目将支持一名研究生进行测量,并在GEOS-Chem全球化学输运模型的框架内探索最重要的新数据的更广泛影响。合作将涉及其他机构,如加州大学河滨分校、蒙大拿州立大学、美国地质调查局和美国林务局。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Robert Yokelson其他文献
Robert Yokelson的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Robert Yokelson', 18)}}的其他基金
Wildfire Impacts on Air Quality and Nighttime Brown Carbon Formation
野火对空气质量和夜间棕色碳形成的影响
- 批准号:
1748266 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 50.58万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Measurements of Selected Combustion Emissions in Nepal and Bhutan Integrated with Source Apportionment and Chemical Transport Modeling for South Asia
合作研究:尼泊尔和不丹选定燃烧排放的测量,结合南亚的源解析和化学品传输模型
- 批准号:
1349976 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 50.58万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Source Characterization for Megacity Impacts on Regional and Global Environments-Mexico City Pollution Outflow Field Campaign (MIRAGE-Mex City)
特大城市对区域和全球环境影响的源特征描述 - 墨西哥城污染流出现场活动 (MIRAGE-墨西哥城)
- 批准号:
0513055 - 财政年份:2005
- 资助金额:
$ 50.58万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Tropical Biomass Fires and Tropospheric Chemistry
热带生物质火灾和对流层化学
- 批准号:
0228003 - 财政年份:2002
- 资助金额:
$ 50.58万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Spectroscopic Studies of Biomass Burning Emissions
生物质燃烧排放物的光谱研究
- 批准号:
9900494 - 财政年份:1999
- 资助金额:
$ 50.58万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Open-Path FTIR Measurement Studies of Biomass Burning Emissions
生物质燃烧排放的开放路径 FTIR 测量研究
- 批准号:
9631219 - 财政年份:1996
- 资助金额:
$ 50.58万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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