Source Characterization for Megacity Impacts on Regional and Global Environments-Mexico City Pollution Outflow Field Campaign (MIRAGE-Mex City)

特大城市对区域和全球环境影响的源特征描述 - 墨西哥城污染流出现场活动 (MIRAGE-墨西哥城)

• 批准号: 0513055
• 负责人: Robert Yokelson
• 金额: $ 47.38万
• 依托单位: University of Montana
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-10-15 至 2010-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0513055&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Source; Characterization; Megacity; Impacts; Regional

This project is designed to investigate the contribution of biomass and biofuel burning to the overall air quality of Mexico City as part of the MIRAGE-Mex (Megacity Impact on Regional and Global Environment) campaign. Urban-rural sources of pollution will be characterized by deploying airborne and ground-based Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) trace gas measurement systems. The compounds measured by these systems include carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, ammonia, ozone, oxygenated volatile organic compounds, and hydrocarbons.To facilitate measurements of biomass burning sources, both forest and domestic fires, one of the FTIR systems will be mounted on a van for rapid deployment to off-road sources. Another FTIR is mounted on a cart and can be brought directly to the emission sources. Signature emission factors and emission ratios will be measured for these sources, while corresponding plume samples will be recorded from a small aircraft.The recorded emissions will be combined with available biofuel use inventories to create a new, speciated emissions inventory for cooking fires in the Mexico City area and nationwide. Integration with measurements in Zambia and Brazil will update the recommended emission factors for global biofuel use, and an improved assessment of the health effects of these fires will result from the first-ever comprehensive measurement of the emissions. The award will provide training opportunities for a postdoctoral associate, and enhance collaborations with a Mexican University.

该项目旨在调查生物质和生物燃料燃烧对墨西哥城整体空气质量的影响，作为 MIRAGE-Mex（特大城市对区域和全球环境的影响）活动的一部分。将通过部署机载和地面傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）痕量气体测量系统来表征城乡污染源。这些系统测量的化合物包括一氧化碳、二氧化碳、一氧化二氮、氨、臭氧、含氧挥发性有机化合物和碳氢化合物。为了便于测量生物质燃烧源（包括森林火灾和家庭火灾），其中一个 FTIR 系统将安装在一辆货车上，以便快速部署到越野源。另一个 FTIR 安装在推车上，可以直接带到排放源。将测量这些来源的特征排放因子和排放比率，同时将从小型飞机记录相应的羽流样本。记录的排放量将与可用的生物燃料使用清单相结合，为墨西哥城地区和全国范围内的烹饪火灾创建新的特定排放清单。与赞比亚和巴西的测量相结合将更新全球生物燃料使用的建议排放因子，并且首次对排放进行全面测量将改进对这些火灾对健康影响的评估。该奖项将为博士后助理提供培训机会，并加强与墨西哥大学的合作。