Development of Screening and Modeling Tools for Colloid-Facilitated Transport of Contaminants in the Subsurface

开发地下胶体促进污染物传输的筛选和建模工具

• 批准号: 0228911
• 负责人: Menachem Elimelech
• 金额: $ 25.24万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-15 至 2006-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0228911&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Development; Screening; Modeling; Tools; Colloid

0228911 Eliimelech Contaminant transport models substantially underestimate migration distances of strongly sorbing contaminants when neglecting colloid-facilitated transport. Since the mechanisms of colloid-facilitated transport are relatively poorly understood, it is quite challenging to predict the potential for colloid-facilitated transport in a contaminated subsurface environment. Hence, there is a critical need for a set of conservative criteria that will enable prediction of the potential for colloid-facilitated transport.The major objectives of the proposed research are: (i) to develop a set of criteria for quantifyingthe effect of various relevant chemicals (Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , pH, ligands, organic acids, humic and fulvic acids) on colloid mobilization (release), (ii) to develop a simple approach to determine colloid deposition rates in natural subsurface environments, and (iii) to establish a set of conservative criteria and screening tools for prediction of the potential for colloid-facilitated transport.The objectives of the work outlined above and the following related hypotheses provide thefoundation for this proposed research: (a) The worst-case scenario for colloid-facilitated transport can be obtained by considering irreversible adsorption of contaminants to the mobile colloidal particles. (b) In soils and several types of aquifer sediments, the mobilized colloidal particles have similar chemical properties as the stationary solid matrix. Hence, conservative criteria for the potential of colloid-facilitated transport can be derived from simple colloid aggregation rate measurements by light scattering drawing on the analogy between aggregation and deposition kinetics. Fast colloid aggregation kinetics may suggest limited colloid transport whereas slow aggregation kinetics may suggest the potential for colloid-facilitated transport. Completion of the proposed work will involve the following research tasks: (1) selection of representative subsurface solid materials and their characterization, (2) studying the effect of solution chemistry on colloid mobilization, (3) studying the deposition behavior of the mobile colloidal particles, (4) characterization of the mobile colloidal particles, (5) development of a rapid method for measuring deposition rate of mobile colloids, and (6) modeling colloid transport and possible scenarios of colloid-facilitated transport.Broader Impacts. The majority of requested funds are directed toward the training of a doctoralstudent. The student will be utilizing state-of-the-art experimental (e.g., multiangle light scattering) and analytical tools. At Yale, it is mandatory for all undergraduate students to carry out an original project (thesis) during their senior year; one undergraduate student will carry out her/his senior thesis as part of this project. Outreach will involve work with LEAP (Leadership, Education, and Athletics in Partnership), a non-profit organization operating in New Haven, that seeks to help children aged 7 to 14 from high-poverty urban neighborhoods develop academic skills and self-esteem.

0228911 埃利米勒 污染物传输模型大大低估迁移距离的强吸附污染物时，忽略胶体促进运输。由于胶体促进运输的机制是相对知之甚少，这是相当具有挑战性的预测潜在的胶体促进运输在受污染的地下环境。因此，迫切需要一套保守的标准，以便能够预测胶体促进迁移的潜力。（i）制订一套准则，以量化各种相关化学品的影响（Na +、K +、Ca 2+、Mg 2+、pH、配体、有机酸、腐殖酸和富里酸）对胶体移动（释放）的影响，（ii）开发一种简单的方法来确定自然地下环境中的胶体沉积速率，以及（iii）建立一套保守的标准和筛选工具，用于预测胶体的潜力-上述工作的目标和以下相关假设为本研究提供了基础：（a）通过考虑污染物对移动的胶体颗粒的不可逆吸附，可以得到胶体促进迁移的最坏情况。(b)在土壤和几种类型的含水层沉积物中，可移动的胶体颗粒具有与固定固体基质相似的化学性质。因此，保守的标准，胶体促进运输的潜力，可以从简单的胶体聚集率测量光散射绘图之间的类比聚集和沉积动力学。快速胶体聚集动力学可能表明有限的胶体转运，而缓慢的聚集动力学可能表明胶体促进转运的潜力。 完成拟议的工作将涉及以下研究任务：（1）选择代表性的地下固体材料及其表征，（2）研究溶液化学对胶体移动的影响，（3）研究移动的胶体颗粒的沉积行为，（4）表征移动的胶体颗粒，（5）开发一种快速测量移动的胶体沉积速率的方法，（6）模拟胶体迁移和胶体促进迁移的可能情景。申请的大部分资金用于培养博士生。学生将利用最先进的实验（例如，多角度光散射）和分析工具。在耶鲁大学，所有本科生都必须在大四期间完成一个原创项目（论文）;一名本科生将完成她/他的大四论文作为这个项目的一部分。外联将涉及与LEAP（领导力，教育和体育合作伙伴关系），一个在纽黑文运作的非营利组织，旨在帮助7至14岁的儿童从高度贫困的城市社区发展学术技能和自尊的工作。