Research Starter Grant: Enrichment Culture Studies of Anaerobic Methane Oxidation
研究启动资金:厌氧甲烷氧化的富集培养研究
基本信息
- 批准号:0233946
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 5万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2003
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2003-02-01 至 2005-01-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Intellectual Merit The anaerobic oxidation of methane is a microbially-mediated process by which the reduction of sulfate is coupled to the oxidation of methane. This process is prevalent on a global scale and is estimated to consume between 12 and 50% the net modern atmospheric methane flux (70 to 300 Tg per year). The microbes responsible for this process are important as methane is a potent greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, and their metabolism prevents large quantities of methane in the Earth from reaching the atmosphere. Despite the importance of this process, the responsible organisms have never been cultured in the laboratory. Recent studies conducted in our lab indicate that sustained growth of these organisms is possible in the laboratory given the appropriate conditions, especially elevated pressures of methane (50 to 150 atmospheres). We therefore propose to continue growth of these enrichment cultures, to characterize the microbial community composition and physiology of the enrichments, and to isolate the methane oxidizers. Specifically, we propose to: 1) Characterize changes in microbial community structure as well as in methane and sulfate metabolism during growth of successive enrichment cultures, 2) Characterize growth of the CH4-oxidizing archaea in the enrichment cultures including species-specific analyses of growth rates, carbon conversion efficiencies, growth morphologies, and the impact of methane partial pressure, 3) Quantify isotope fractionation factors (for 13C and 2H) associated with methane oxidation and lipid biosynthesis, and 4) Isolate the responsible organisms using modified roll tubes at elevated (100 atmosphere) methane levels. Broader Impacts In addition to the studies proposed above, this work will also lead to development of new methods for culturing strictly anaerobic bacteria and archaea at low temperatures with high gas pressures. These methods promise to enhance infrastructure for microbiological research. The proposed studies also promise to enhance our understanding of anaerobic methane oxidation and to lay a foundation for future studies. The ability to grow the responsible organisms in the laboratory will allow for a variety of biochemical, genetic, physiological and molecular studies of this environmentally important process. Key questions that may be addressed in future studies include: 1) how is the stable methane molecule activated in the absence of oxygen?, 2) can this chemistry be applied to methane cracking in an industrial setting?, 3) what is the evolutionary history of anaerobic methane oxidation and how does it relate to the evolution of Earth.s climate system?, and 4) is the physiology of the isolate consistent with environmental observations of anaerobic methane oxidation? Understanding the physiology of these organisms and isolating them in the laboratory are the first steps in answering these and other important questions.
甲烷的厌氧氧化是一种微生物介导的过程,通过该过程,硫酸盐的还原与甲烷的氧化相耦合。 这一过程在全球范围内普遍存在,估计消耗现代大气甲烷净通量的12%至50%(每年70至300 Tg)。 负责这一过程的微生物很重要,因为甲烷是大气中一种强大的温室气体,它们的新陈代谢阻止了地球上大量的甲烷到达大气层。 尽管这一过程很重要,但负责的生物体从未在实验室中培养过。 最近在我们实验室进行的研究表明,在适当的条件下,这些生物体的持续生长是可能的,特别是甲烷的高压(50至150个大气压)。 因此,我们建议继续这些富集培养物的生长,表征微生物群落组成和富集的生理学,并分离甲烷氧化剂。 具体而言,我们建议: 1)表征在连续富集培养物的生长期间微生物群落结构以及甲烷和硫酸盐代谢的变化,2)表征富集培养物中CH4氧化古菌的生长,包括生长速率、碳转化效率、生长形态和甲烷分压的影响的物种特异性分析, 3)量化与甲烷氧化和脂质生物合成相关的同位素分馏因子(对于13C和2H),和4)在升高的(100个大气压)甲烷水平下使用改进的滚管分离负责的生物体。 除了上述研究外,这项工作还将导致开发在低温和高气压下培养严格厌氧细菌和古菌的新方法。 这些方法有望加强微生物学研究的基础设施。 本研究也为进一步了解厌氧甲烷氧化机理奠定了基础。 在实验室中培养责任生物的能力将允许对这一对环境重要的过程进行各种生化、遗传、生理和分子研究。 未来研究中可能解决的关键问题包括:1)稳定的甲烷分子如何在没有氧气的情况下被激活? 2)这种化学方法能否应用于工业环境中的甲烷裂解?3)厌氧甲烷氧化的进化历史是什么,它与地球气候系统的进化有什么关系?以及4)分离物的生理学是否与厌氧甲烷氧化的环境观察一致? 了解这些生物的生理学并在实验室中将它们分离是回答这些和其他重要问题的第一步。
项目成果
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David Valentine其他文献
Le projet QDMTL : modéliser les quartiers disparus de Montréal avec des données ouvertes et liées
QDMTL 项目:蒙特利尔不同地区的模型设计
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2023 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
David Valentine;D. Forest - 通讯作者:
D. Forest
David Valentine的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('David Valentine', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: Do benthic feedbacks couple sulfur, nitrogen and carbon biogeochemistry during transient deoxygenation?
合作研究:在短暂脱氧过程中,底栖反馈是否会耦合硫、氮和碳生物地球化学?
- 批准号:
1830033 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 5万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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RAPID:响应 2017 年南加州火灾,火灰沉积对沿海海洋的生物地球化学影响
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1821916 - 财政年份:2018
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$ 5万 - 项目类别:
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Collaborative Research: Chemical and microbiological studies of water-soluble alkanes in the ocean
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1756947 - 财政年份:2018
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$ 5万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Do Cyanobacteria Drive Marine Hydrocarbon Biogeochemistry?
合作研究:蓝藻是否驱动海洋碳氢化合物生物地球化学?
- 批准号:
1635562 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 5万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Oxygenation of Hydrocarbons in the Ocean
合作研究:海洋中碳氢化合物的氧化
- 批准号:
1333162 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
$ 5万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Development and Application of a Radiotracer Rate Method for Ethane and Propane Consumption
乙烷和丙烷消耗放射性示踪率方法的开发和应用
- 批准号:
1155855 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 5万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
New Space: Developing New Methodologies for Research on the Future
新空间:开发未来研究新方法
- 批准号:
1127070 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 5万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Dimensions: The Role of Viruses in Structuring Biodiversity in Methanotrophic Marine Ecosystems
维度:病毒在构建甲烷营养海洋生态系统生物多样性中的作用
- 批准号:
1046144 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 5万 - 项目类别:
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Collaborative Research: Experimental determination of petroleum biodegradation patterns from a genomically-informed analytical vista
合作研究:从基因组学分析角度实验确定石油生物降解模式
- 批准号:
0950600 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 5万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
MRI RAPID: Acquisition of two cavity ringdown spectrometers to quantify hydrocarbon conversion in deep waters of the Gulf of Mexico
MRI RAPID:购买两个腔衰荡光谱仪来量化墨西哥湾深水中的碳氢化合物转化
- 批准号:
1057736 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 5万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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