Severe Convective Storms and Tornadoes

强对流风暴和龙卷风

• 批准号: 0241037
• 负责人: Howard Bluestein
• 金额: $ 69.24万
• 依托单位: University of Oklahoma Norman Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-05-01 至 2007-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0241037&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Severe; Convective; Storms; Tornadoes

The main objective of this research project is to improve understanding of the genesis, and the kinematics and dynamics of severe convective storms and tornadoes. The objective will be met primarily through analysis of data collected in both prior and future field experiments and through numerical simulation experiments. Mobile Doppler radar datasets from field experiments will be analyzed to detail the structure and evolution of tornadoes and their parent vortices and the vertical circulation associated with the dryline, a feature along which severe convective storms are often initiated. In particular, why some supercell storms produce tornadoes, while others do not, will be investigated. The dynamics of convective-storm interaction and the role of the intersection of a dryline with a baroclinic boundary in triggering convective storms will be investigated using controlled numerical-model simulation experiments. In addition, two new radar systems will be tested for use in severe storm/tornado research: one is a mobile, rapidly scanning, phased-array Doppler radar; the other is an existing system that will be fitted with a spaced antennae, which could provide transverse-wind measurements in addition to line-of-sight wind measurements. A collaborator under another NSF award is developing these radar systems (Dr. Andrew Pazmany, ATM-0242166). If the new radar systems are successful, then much higher quality datasets will be available for analysis. It is anticipated that this project will ultimately lead to a more accurate prediction of severe weather events.

该研究项目的主要目的是提高对起源的理解，以及严重的对流风暴和龙卷风的运动学和动态。 该目标将主要通过分析以前和将来的现场实验中收集的数据以及数值模拟实验。 将分析来自现场实验的移动多普勒雷达数据集，以详细介绍龙卷风及其母体涡旋的结构和演变以及与干线相关的垂直循环，这一特征经常引发严重的对流风暴。 特别是，为什么有些超级电池风暴会造成龙卷风，而另一些则不会调查。 对流态相互作用的动力学以及干线与斜压边界在触发对流风暴中的交点的作用将使用受控的数值模拟模拟实验研究。 此外，将测试两个新的雷达系统，以用于严重风暴/龙卷风研究：一个是移动，迅速扫描，分阶段阵列多普勒雷达；另一个是现有的系统，它将配备有间距的触角，除了视线风测量值外，还可以提供横向测量值。 根据另一个NSF奖的合作者正在开发这些雷达系统（Andrew Pazmany博士，ATM-0242166）。 如果新的雷达系统成功，则可以进行更高质量的数据集进行分析。 预计该项目最终将导致对恶劣天气事件的更准确的预测。