Die Große Meteorbank (Nordost-Atlantik) - Trittstein oder Abstellgleis? Quantitative Unteruchungen zur Verbreitung, der Diversität und dem Ursprung der benthonischen Kuppenfauna

大流星河岸（东北大西洋）——垫脚石还是壁板？

• 批准号: 161751632
• 负责人: Dr. Kai Horst George
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Deutsches Zentrum für Marine Biodiversitätsforschung
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-31 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/161751632?language=en
• 关键词: Die; Gro; Meteorbank; Nordost; Atlantik

Because of their topography, size and location in the oceans, seamounts are considered as harbouring an enhanced biomass and diversity of “natural” and “genetic resources” compared with the surrounding deep sea. Thus, seamounts are of increasing economical interest. Nonetheless, after rather spot-like studies on seamounts in the past decades, recent investigations indicate, that such generalization of seamounts’ roles may not be justified. It remains quite unclear, why some seamounts present increasing species richness, high number of endemic species, and increased biomass production, while others do not. In the past, the Great Meteor Seamount, located in the northeast Atlantic, has several times been the object of mainly qualitative biological research. Although being insufficient for sound statements regarding taxa distribution, biogeography, and origin of the plateau fauna, the obtained datasets provide a basement for ongoing investigation. The proposed cruise aims a corresponding data capture. It is planned to test the following three hypotheses:1. Because of the strong isolation of the seamount it inhabits an autochthonous bottom fauna with a high portion of endemic species;2. Whereas those representatives of macro- and megabenthos that immigrate and live on the plateau may recruit from adjacent geographical regions and rather shallow areas, the meiobenthos of the plateau mainly originates from the surrounding deep sea;3. Due to the relatively high productivity of the Great Meteor Seamount compared with the surrounding deep sea, the seamount’s plateau shows a higher species density than the latter.

由于海山的地形、大小和在海洋中的位置，与周围的深海相比，海山被认为具有更高的生物量和“自然”和“遗传资源”的多样性。因此，海山具有越来越大的经济利益。然而，最近的调查表明，在过去几十年对海山进行了相当零星的研究之后，这种对海山作用的概括可能是不合理的。目前还不清楚，为什么有些海山物种丰富，特有物种数量多，生物量增加，而其他海山则不是这样。过去，位于大西洋东北部的大流星海山曾多次成为定性生物学研究的对象。尽管对高原动物群的分类群分布、生物地理和起源的合理描述还不够充分，但所获得的数据集为正在进行的调查提供了基础。拟议中的巡航旨在进行相应的数据捕获。计划检验以下三个假说：1.由于海山的强隔离性，它生活在原生底栖动物群中，特有物种比例很高；2.迁徙并生活在高原上的大型和大型底栖动物的代表可能从邻近的地理区域和较浅的地区招募，但高原的小型底栖动物主要来自周围的深海；3.由于大流星海山与周围深海相比生产力相对较高，海山高原的物种密度高于后者。